Cardiovascular
Genitourinary
Endocrine
Musculoskeletal
Miscellaneous
100
This percentage range reflects how much maternal blood volume increases during a single pregnancy by the middle of the third trimester.
What is 30% to 50% above the prepregnant blood volume?
100
This organ increases in size by approximately 30% during pregnancy due to increased blood flow.
What are the kidneys?
100
This hormone maintains the health of the uterine wall and prevents uterine contractions during pregnancy.
What is progesterone?
100
These two hormones increase joint flexibility during pregnancy to prepare the pelvis for birth.
What are relaxin and progesterone?
100
A client reports easier breathing at 38 weeks gestation after weeks of dyspnea. This combination of physiologic events explains the improvement.
What is lightening?
200
This hormone contributes to decreased peripheral vascular resistance and lower maternal blood pressure during pregnancy.
What is progesterone?
200
This nighttime urinary symptom is common during pregnancy due to bladder pressure.
What is nocturia?
200
This hormone stimulates uterine contractions and promotes the release of prostaglandins
What is oxytocin?
200
As the uterus enlarges, the center of gravity shifts forward, causing this.
What is Anterior Pelvic Tilt?
200
This hormone acts on smooth muscle and contributes to delayed gastric emptying during pregnancy.
What is progesterone?
300
A pregnant client’s laboratory results show a decreased hematocrit and hemoglobin level in the second trimester, but she has no symptoms of fatigue or bleeding. This normal physiologic process explains the lab findings.
Daily double: This medication is frequently given to a pregnant patient with this condition.
What is hemodilution anemia (physiologic anemia of pregnancy) caused by increased plasma volume exceeding red blood cell production?
Daily Double: Ferrous Sulfate
300
Laboratory values during pregnancy show about a 50% increase in this kidney function measurement.
What is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
300
A pregnant client develops mild vasodilation and cervical softening. This hormone is primarily responsible.
What is relaxin?
300
A third-trimester client reports hip pain and swelling. These symptoms occur because the hips must support this progressively increasing factor throughout pregnancy.
What is the weight of the growing fetus?
300
Despite increased oxygen demands, total lung volume expansion decreases primarily because of this.
What is uterine enlargement causing upward pressure on the diaphragm?
400
Lower hematocrit during pregnancy helps reduce this property of blood, improving flow to the uteroplacental circulation.
What is blood viscosity?
400
A third-trimester client reports feeling the urge to void even when only small amounts of urine are present. This mechanical change explains the finding
What is increased uterine pressure on the bladder?
400
A client in early pregnancy has a positive pregnancy test due to rising levels of this hormone, which maintains the corpus luteum until the placenta takes over.
What is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)?
400
This is a manifestation of pregnancy causes lower back pain.
What is lumbar lordosis?
400
Name the 2 integumentary changes.
Daily Double
Linea Nigra
Striae Gravidarum
500
Nearly all clotting factors are elevated in pregnancy, increasing this risk by nearly five times compared to the pre-pregnant state.
What is venous thromboembolism (blood clots)?
500
Although mild amounts of these substances may be expected in urine during pregnancy, significant elevations may indicate complications and require provider follow-up.
What are glycosuria and proteinuria?
500
During pregnancy, the maternal basal metabolic rate increases. In the early trimesters, placental hormones promote fat storage so the body can use these reserves later to support this ongoing process.
What is fetal growth?
500
A pregnant client reports worsening low back pain, urinary incontinence, and a visible abdominal bulge that increases with straining. This musculoskeletal diagnosis best explains the cluster of findings.
What is diastasis recti?
500
Although pregnancy slightly compromises the immune system and increases infection susceptibility, clients with these conditions may experience fewer exacerbations during pregnancy.
What are autoimmune disorders?