Respiratory
When do we use an NPA
Unstable airway when an OPA is contraindicated
Bleeding control if direct pressure doesn't work
tourniquet
What usually causes neurogenic shock
S/S of dehydration in pediatrics
Fast HR, fast RR, weak pulse, diarhea/vomitting, dry mucous membranes, sunken fontanelles
What is ventilation?
The movement of air in and out of the lungs
When can you push past slight resistance or pain to splint a long bone in the position of function
If there is circulatory compromise
Dose/route/concentration of epinephrine in adults
0.3 mg IM 1:1000
The most common cause of shock for pediatrics
Hypovolemic (dehydration)
Name 3 CPAP Contraindications
Systolic BP < 90, unconscious, signs of pneumothorax, unable to follow commands
How to manage an amputated toe
Wrap in sterile moist gauze, keep cool and dry(not directly on ice)
What is distributive Shock
System-wide vasodilation (anaphylaxis, sepsis, neuro, psych)
S/S of croup
low-grade fever, gradual onset, strider, seal-bark cough
What is the most common cause of upper airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?
The tongue
Describe the proper sequence of events in securing the airway of an unconscious patient
Jaw thrust -> suction -> adjunct -> ventilate
Contraindications for Charcoal
acids, petroleum, household cleaner, already digested, alternative route of administration
How do kids compensate for shock differently than adults
Early: tachycardia
Very late: Fast BP drop (70+2x age) = decompensated
What is the best way to confirm an advanced airway placement in the field?
End Title CO2 Waveform Capnography
Damage to many muscle cells -> cells burst and leak potasium in to blood stream -> disrupts electrical system of the heart -> arrhythmias/disrhythmias
What is the most "sensitive" early indicator of shock
Altered mental status
Evidence of hypoxia and increased WOB in kids
grunting, nasal flaring, tripod, head bobbing, retractions