Structure of the earth
What is the first layer of the earth called
The crust
Who proposed the theory of continental drift
Alfred Wegener
What direction do transform boundaries move
Horizontally past each other
What is the highest number on the Richter scale
9
Which layer is hotter than the surface of the sun
The outer core
What was the supercontinent called before continents drifted apart
Pangaea
If an oceanic and continental crust collide, which one will move under the other
The oceanic will move under the continental
What instrument records earthquakes
Seismometer
In which layer do convection currents occur
The mantle
What makes tectonic plates move
Convection currents
What 3 landforms are caused by convergent boundaries
Earthquakes, volcanoes, mountains
What is the term used for 'energy moving out from the focus of the earthquake'?
Seismic waves
What are the two types of crust called
Oceanic crust and continental crust
What are the four pieces of evidence that support the theory of continental drift
Continents fit together, same animal fossils found on different continents, same rock formations on different continents, changed climates
What is the term for when one plate moves under the other
Subduction zone
What is the difference between the 'focus' and 'epicentre'
The focus is the place inside the earth where the earthquake originates, the epicentre is the spot on the Earth's surface above the focus
The _______ sits on the __________
Lithosphere sits on the asthenosphere
How many years ago did the supercontinent exist
250 million years ago
Compare divergent boundaries with convergent boundaries
Divergent boundaries move away from each other and form valleys, convergent boundaries collide and make volcanoes, mountains and earthquakes
What s the difference between P waves and S waves
P waves - propagate parallel to the direction of the wave, move through solids and liquids, first to arrive.
S waves - propogate perpendicular to the direction of the wave, travel through solids