Unit 1
Define Behaviorism
The theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to thoughts or feelings
Define Theory
A well-substantiated explanation of a phenomenon that is based on empirical evidence and research.
Define biological psychology
The application of the principles of biology to the study of mental processes and behavior
Define Survey
A research method that involves asking people questions about their attitudes, opinions, and behaviors.
Define neuron
Neurons are nerve cells that send messages all over your body to allow you to do everything from breathing to talking, eating, walking, and thinking.
Define Behavioral psychology
It is a branch of psychology focusing on how environmental factors shape observable behavior through learning processes.
Define Replication
The process of repeating a research study to see if the original findings can be reproduced
Define Axon
Axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands.
Define Sampling bias
A bias that occurs when the sample used in a study is not representative of the larger population
Define Natural selection
Natural selection is the process by which certain traits or characteristics become more or less common in a population over time, based on their adaptive value.
Define Biological psychology
A branch of psychology that studies the biological processes underlying behavior and mental processes
Define Naturalistic observation
Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
Define Endorphins
Endorphins are neurotransmitters that are involved in the body's natural pain relief and pleasure response.
Define Population
The group of individuals that a study is attempting to generalize to.
Define Motor cortex
Motor cortex is the part of the cerebral cortex responsible for controlling voluntary movements.
Define Developmental psychology
A branch of psychology that studies how individuals change and develop throughout their lifespan, from infancy to old age.
Define Control group
The group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment being tested.
Define Cerebral cortex
Cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain, responsible for complex thought processes.
Define Illusory correlation
The perception of a relationship where none exists.
Define Debriefing
A process of providing participants with information about the study after it has been completed
Define Social psychology
It is a branch of psychology that studies how people think, feel, and behave in social situations, and how social influence affects behavior and mental processes.
Deine Normal curve
A bell-shaped curve that represents a normal distribution of data.
Define Motor cortex
Motor cortex is the part of the cerebral cortex responsible for controlling voluntary movements.
Define Positive psychology
A branch of psychology that focuses on the study of positive emotions, character strengths, and well-being, to promote human flourishing and optimal functioning.
SQ3R
A study method that involves five steps: Survey, Question, Read, Recite, and Review. This method is designed to help students actively engage with and better retain the material they are studying.