Protestantism
Who founded Protestantism?
Martin Luther
Why did the Catholic Reformation start?
The Church wanted to fix corruption and respond to the spread of Protestantism.
What does the Enlightenment mean?
A time when people focused on reason, science, and new ideas.
What year did the French Revolution begin?
It began in 1789
Who was St. Francis de Sales and what is he known for?
He was a teacher and Bishop known for spreading the faith in a gentle way.
What’s the main difference between Protestantism and Catholicism?
Protestants believe the Bible alone is the main authority, while Catholics follow Church traditions and leadership.
What role did the council of Trent play in the Catholic Reformation?
It clarified Catholic teachings and reformed Church practices.
Who were some famous Enlightenment thinkers?
John Locke, Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Rousseau.
What were the Three Estates in France?
First estate-clergy, Second estate-nobles, and Third estate-common people.
What religious community did St. Jane Frances de Chantal help to start?
She helped start the visitation order of nuns.
Why did the printing press play such a big role in spreading Protestant ideas?
It made Bibles and pamphlets cheaper and easier to spread to many people.
How did the Catholic Church respond to the spread of Protestantism?
The Church defended its beliefs and corrected abuses.
What did Enlightment thinkers believe about reason and knowledge?
They believed people should use reason and observation instead of just tradition.
Why were the common people unhappy before the Revolution started?
Because they paid high taxes and in the end suffered while the rich prospered.
Why was St. Peter Canisius important in spreading Catholic faith during the Reformation?
He wrote books and catechisms to help teach people about faith.
Why did Protestants disagree with the Catholic Church about how people are saved?
Protestants believed people are saved by faith alone, not by buying indulgences or doing certain works.
Why were new religious orders like the Jesuits, important during the Catholic Reformation?
They spread the faith through teaching, preaching, and missions.
How did the Enlightenment challenge the power of kings and the Church?
They questioned absolute power of kings and the authority of the Church.
What role did the storming of the Bastille play in the Revolution?
It was a symbol of the people rising up and rebelling.
What did St. Charles Borromeo do to help make the Church stronger?
How did Protestantism change people’s everyday lives in Europe?
People read the Bible more, questioned old traditions, and worshipped in new ways.
How did the Catholic Reformation affect art, education, or daily religious life in Europe?
Art became more religious, schools improved and daily worship grew stronger.
In what ways did the Enlightenment change people’s ideas about government and human rights?
People began to support democracy, equality, and basic human rights?
How did the French Revolution change ideas about power and rights in France?
It spread ideas of equality, liberty, and democracy, showing the people could rise.
How did St. Robert Bellarmine defend the Catholic faith?
He reformed seminaries, and worked to improve church teaching and leadership.