Characteristics of Life
The smallest unit of life is?
What is: a cell?
A hypothesis must be two things. What are they?
What is: testable
what is falsifiable
The negatively charged subatomic particle is?
What is the property that allows water spiders to walk on water?
What is: surface tension
the structure of DNA in one strand goes --- + --- + ----
What is: phosphate, pentose sugar, base
The process organisms use to maintain internal conditions is? Why is it necessary?
What is: Homeostasis? It's necessary to return to internal stability for metabolic pathways and physiological systems to proceed properly.
In a controlled experiment, the group not exposed to the variable is a?
What is: a negative control
A given molecule is determined to be polar covalent. tell me about its bonding and net charge
What is: one or more atoms is more electronegative and one or more is electropositive. Thus, there will be an unequal sharing of electrons and thus also a net charge in the direction of the more electronegative atom.
If something is a strong acid, tell me about its hydrogen concentration.
What is: it has a very high concentration of hydrogen ions
What is this bond and what does it tell you: alpha (1,6)
What is: it's a glycosidic bond where the 1st carbon of the first glucose is bonded to the 6th carbon on the 2ng glucose. The OH group on the 1st carbon is pointing down.
Name two metabolic processes: one that breaks down and one that builds up (all or nothing)
What is: Build-up: anabolism
What is: Break-down: catabolism
What type of reasoning moves from specific observations to a general idea?
What is: inductive reasoning
What happens to an ionic bond in water a majority of the time? What does this mean for electrical currents
What is: it ionizes in water most of the time, which allows for transmission of electrical pulses because free ions carry charge
Name the two main compounds used in the blood buffering reaction.
What is: Carbonic acid
What is: Bicarbonate
What is the difference between steroid hormones and peptide hormones?
What is: peptide hormones are chains of amino acids that dissolve easily in plasma and cannot cross the lipid bilayer. Steroid hormones do enter the cell and they are derived from cholesterol. peptide hormones work quickly, steroid hormones work slowly.
Give two examples of organisms responding to stimuli
What is: A plant stretching to the light
What is: A snake warming in the sun
Give me an example of statement involving deductive reasoning.
What is: If enzymes denature when pH moves far from their optimum, then pepsin activity will decrease when stomach pH is artificially raised towards neutral
What is the octet rule? what is the duet rule?
What is: 8 electrons in their outer shell for stability (add, lose, share)
What is: 2 electrons in their outer shell for stability
If a solution has a pH of 8.5, what is its concentration of OH- ions?
What is: pH +pOH = 14
pOH=14- 8.5 = 5.5
[OH-] = 10^-5.5
[OH-] = 3.2 x10^-6
Which blood vessel brings oxygen away from the lungs? which blood vessel brings CO2 blood back to the lungs?
What is: arteries
What is: veins
Bonus: Why are arteries red in color?
This principle explains how organisms better suited to their environment survive and reproduce. It gives way to the concept of ?
What is : natural selection
What is: evolution
Human error in sampling data is accounted for by what type of test?
What is: statistical analysis
Describe to me what happens to hydrogen bonds when ice forms
What is: in ice, each water molecule hydrogen bonds to four others in a rigid hexagonal pattern. They are two far apart to keep breaking. This makes ice less dense than liquid water, so it floats.
What is the purpose of sweating and why?
What is: to use body heat to evaporate the sweat, thus cooling the body.
What is the central Dogma of molecular biology:
What is: DNA --> RNA ---> proteins