Patho Basics & Cells
An increase in muscle size would be due to this happening to the cells
What is hypertrophy?
Normal serum ph level
What is 7.35-7.45?
A normal response to injury or or an injurious agent
What is inflammation?
This type of infection is transmitted in a healthcare setting
What is nosocomial?
This life-threatening reaction causing airway obstruction is caused by an antigen-antibody reaction
What is anaphylaxis?
These blood cells are the most prominent in the body
What are erythrocytes (RBCs)?
A tumor with a slow rate of growth and cells that resemble the original tissue
What is benign?
If severe enough, multiple body systems can be impacted and serious complications can occur related to this...
What is stress?
The study of new infectious disease cases, their prevalence and their sources
What is epidemiology?
Your patient has high C02 levels and pneumonia with a low ph. She is likely in...
What is respiratory acidosis?
This lab test indicates the presence of inflammation
What is the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)?
This intracellular pathogen cannot survive without a host
What is a virus?
This type of transplant where a person's own tissue is used is called
What is Autograft?
These are arranged in pairs, contain all our genetic information, and one pair comes from each parent.
What are chromosomes?
The most likely cause of tumor cells in the lymph nodes
What is metastasis?
The body's stress response elevates these two functions as well as other functions
What is blood pressure and heart rate?
A pap smear that shows cells varying cell sizes and shapes would be called cervical _______
What is dysplasia?
What is hyponatremia?
A new mom has a breast infection indicated by a hard red swollen area on her breast that is warm and painful to touch. These signs of inflammation are called
What are the Cardinal Signs of Inflammation?
This type of active immunity creates memory cells and circulating antibodies that fully activate the immune system with exposure the specific pathogen
What is immunization?
This is the emergency treatment for anaphylaxis
What is epinephrine?
The process in which various blood cells develop from a single stem cell
What is hematopoiesis?
The percentage of children who develop cancers
What is 1%?
A stress syndrome that is a serious consequence of a major catastrophe is called
What is Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
The liquid portion inside the cell that provides a medium for chemical reactions. Organelles are suspended within in.
What is the cytoplasm?
Chemical buffer systems, the lungs controlling C02 and the kidneys are all part of regulating this
What is the blood ph level?
Aspirin, NSAIDs and Corticosteroids are all used for the treatment of this. Acetaminophen is NOT used for this.
What is inflammation?
Mother to fetus across the placenta is which type of immunity
What is natural passive?
An abnormality in one or more parts of the immune system that affects the ability to fight off infection
What is immunodeficiency?
This fluid is about 90% water and is responsible for the transport of nutrients and waste. It makes up 55% of whole blood
What is plasma?
The process in which certain agents cause normal cells to become cancerous
What is carcinogenesis?
The three stages of the stress response are called
What is alarm, resistance and exhaustion?
This part of the cell is responsible for RNA synthesis
What is the nucleus?
Decrease in serum ph results in this
What is acidosis?
Cellular functions, intact skin and antibody production are three defense mechanisms used by the body. What are they defending the body from?
What is organism invasion/infection/microbes?
This mode of transmission disrupts the body's skin or mucous membranes, allowing pathogens to enter
What is penetration?
This T-Cell mediated immunodeficiency is considered to be one of the most severe
What is severe combined immune deficiency?
These cells help to control bleeding at the site of a vessel injury by forming a plug
What are thrombocytes (platelets)?
What are anorexia and cachexia?
This fight or flight hormone made in the adrenal gland, can actually reduce tissue regeneration and impact healing. It is increased with severe and/or prolonged stress
What is Cortisol?
A recommendation for moderate exercise is made to a patient with mild heart disease. This is an example of what type of prevention
What is secondary prevention?
Symptoms of this deficit are muscle weakness, headache, and confusion
What is hyponatremia?
This type of healing occurs when there is little to no tissue loss
What is primary intention?
A disease causing pathogen that is known to mutate during replication
What is a virus?
An ABO blood incompatibility resulting in cell lysis and phagocytosis is what type of hypersensitivity?
What is type II?
The term used for a a complete set of genetic material
What is a genotype?
The second most common childhood malignancy after brain tumors.
What is neuroblastoma?
During this stage of Selye's stress response, the body is unable to respond and may be damaged by increased demands
What is the exhaustion stage?
You refer your patient to a support group when she is diagnosed with end stage metastatic breast cancer. This is an example of what type of prevention..
What is tertiary?
This disorder is caused by a lack of ADH and the inability to concentrate urine
What is Diabetes Insipidus?
This type of leukocyte is the primary phagocyte and arrives first at the site of inflammation
What is a neutrophil?
This type of transmission occurs when respiratory or salivary pathogen containing secretions are expelled from the body
What is droplet?
This type of immune response is mediated in the thymus and results in T cell production
What is cell mediated immunity?
All blood cells are derived from this cell that has the potential to produce many different types of cells
What is a (pluripotent)stem cell?
Antigens expressed on the surface of tumor cells. Used to detect the presence of cancer.
What is a tumor marker?
The ability to respond to physical or psychological homeostasis and return to a balanced state
What is adaptation?
A DHHS initiative that is updated every ten years with goals for population health.
What is Healthy People (2020/2030)?
This hormone conserves fluid when there is a fluid deficit in the body
What is aldosterone?
One of the first mediators to be released in an inflammatory responses, especially trauma and IgE response
What is histamine?
This treatment is only effective against bacteria and are classified based on what part of the cell they target
This group of disorders occurs when the immune system fails to recognize self and non-self cells
What is autoimmune disease?
23
what is the number of chromosome pairs in humans?
A widely used systemic treatment for cancer that also destroys normal cells in the process.
Manifestations of the immune response are strongly influenced by these two body systems.
What are the nervous and endocrine systems?