War
What event caused America to join World War II?
Pearl Harbor
Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment gave women the right to vote?
The 19th Amendment
What are the three branches of the government?
Judicial, legislative, executive
This amendment protects freedom of speech, religion, the press, assembly, and petition.
First Amendment
What was the main purpose of the Declaration of Independence?
To formally announce the 13 colonies' separation from Great Britain
Who was assassinated, which initiated the start of World War I?
France Ferdinand
What was the impact of the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) decision?
It ruled that segregated public schools violated the Constitution, overturning “separate but equal” in education.
What were the main arguments of the Federalists vs. the Anti-Federalists?
Federalists supported a strong national government, while Anti-Federalists feared too much centralized power and wanted a Bill of Rights.
This amendment guarantees the right of citizens to keep and bear arms
Second Amendment
What was “taxation without representation?”
Colonists’ complaint that Britain taxed them without colonial representation in Parliament.
What was the primary goal of the Emancipation Proclamation?
It made ending slavery a major goal of the Civil War
How did the Industrial Revolution change social structures?
It led to the rise of a middle class significant urbanization as people moved to cities for factory work, and the emergence of an industrial working class.
What did the Great Compromise achieve during the Constitutional Convention?
It established a bicameral legislature: the House of Representatives (based on population) and the Senate (equal representation for each state)
This amendment protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government
Fourth Amendment
Which document, ratified in 1781, served as the first constitution of the United States before being replaced by the current Constitution?
The Article of Confederation
What unrestricted military strategy resumed by Germany in 1917 targeted merchant and passenger ships, helping push the United States toward entering World War I?
Unrestricted submarine warfare
Which labor and civil rights leader co-founded the United Farm Workers (UFW) and led nonviolent campaigns and grape boycotts to improve conditions for farmworkers?
Cesar Chavez
What is the primary power of the judicial branch when interpreting laws and the Constitution?
The power to determine whether laws or government actions are constitutional.
This amendment guarantees that a person cannot be forced to testify against themselves and protects against double jeopardy.
Fifth Amendment
What was the name of the first permanent English settlement in North America, established in 1607?
Jamestown
What was one major result The War of 1812
An increase in American Nationalism
What is the main difference between legal equality and social acceptance in LGBTQ+ rights?
Legal equality means rights are protected by law, while social acceptance means people are respected and included in everyday life.
Which Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review in the United States?
Marbury V. Madison
This amendment guarantees the right to a speedy and public trial, an impartial jury, and the assistance of a lawyer in criminal cases.
Sixth Amendment
What event demonstrated that the Articles of Confederation created a government too weak to maintain order?
Shays’ Rebellion