Durkheim 1
The kind of solidarity typical of modern societies
What is organic solidarity?
The kind of solidarity typical of traditional societies
What is mechanical solidarity?
Main source of human unhappiness
What is civilization?
The source of religious sentiments
What is infantile helplessness?
The drive that represents the impulse to create and produce
What is Eros (or the life drive)?
The basis of organic solidarity
What is (economic) interdependence?
The basis of mechanical solidarity
What is similarity/likeness?
According to Freud, this fallacious belief about human nature fundamentally misunderstands psychological reality by assuming humans are naturally cooperative and can easily overcome their aggressive impulses
What are communist beliefs?
The three primary sources of human suffering
What is our body, the external world and other humans?
Drive that represents the destructive, anti-social impulses that threaten civilization.
What is Thanatos (or the death drive)?
The type of suicide caused by inadequate social integration
What is egoistic suicide?
The type of suicide caused by excessive social integration
What is altruistic suicide?
Collective psychological mechanism that is the primary way civilization controls human aggression on a social level, creating moral regulatory system for society
What is the cultural super-ego?
Psychological concept describes the instinctive pursuit of pleasure while avoiding displeasure and pain.
What is the pleasure principle?
Psychological mechanism represents the recognition that impulses must be satisfied in realistic ways.
What is the reality principle?
The type of suicide caused by a lack of moral regulation
What is anomic suicide?
The types of suicide more prevalent in modern societies
What are egoistic and anomic suicides?
The fundamental cost of social cohesion and collective progress in civilization
What is the repression of human instincts?
The collective neurosis that helps humans cope with existential anxieties
What are religious attitudes/beliefs?
The three parts of the psyche
What are ego, super-ego and id?
A state of normlessness, lack of behavioral expectations
What is anomie?
The set of shared beliefs, values, and norms that bind a society together
What is the collective consciousness?
Emotional consequence of the tension between the individual’s desires and the demands of society, especially when it comes to perceived moral transgressions
What is guilt/punishment?
Psychological component that threatens the ego with punishment in the form of guilt when aggressive impulses emerge
What is the super-ego?
Psychological mechanism that involves transforming instinctual energy into socially acceptable and creative pursuits
What is sublimation?