Protein Shake
This level of protein structure is determined by the linear sequence of amino acids.
What is Primary Structure?
What is the SI unit of electrical resistance?
What is an Ohm?
This chamber of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary arteries.
What is the Right ventricle?
Remembering a phone number just long enough to dial it primary uses this type of memory.
What is working memory?
Researchers investigate how sleep deprivation affects reaction time. What type of variable is the amount of sleep?
This 3-letter amino acid code correlates to the amino acid that can form covalent disulfide bridges that stabilize protein structure.
What is Cys (for cysteine)?
A 12 V battery produces a current of 3 A through a resistor. What is its resistance?
What is 4 ohms?
During ventricular systole, these two valves prevent blood from flowing backward into the atria.
What are the tricuspid and mitral/bicuspid valves?
This brain structure is most strongly associated with the formation of new explicit long-term memories.
A study finds that people who exercise regularly have a lower risk of heart disease. However, these individuals are also more likely to maintain healthier diets. What type of variable is diet in this study?
What is a confounding variable?
A competitive inhibitor increases this Michaelis-Menten parameter without changing Vmax.
What is Km?
Two 6 ohm resistors are connected in parallel. What is their equivalent resistance?
What is 3 ohms?
A patient has a heart rate of 75 beats/min and a stroke volume of 80 mL. What is their cardiac output in L/min?
What is 6 L/min?
A student has difficulty remembering their locker combination because they keep recalling their old one. What type of interference is this?
What is Proactive interference? (Retroactive is where new memories/learning mess with old ones)
In a clinical experiment, researchers randomly assign participants to treatment and control groups. What major source of bias or distortion does random assignment help reduce?
What is confounding from systematic differences between groups?
An enzyme has a Vmax of 80 micromoles/minute. If the substrate concentration equals Km, what is the reaction velocity?
What is 40 micromoles/minute?
A 3 ohm resistor and a 6 ohm resistor are connected in series to an 18 V battery. What is the voltage drop across the 6 ohm resistor?
What is 12 volts?
According to Poiseuille's law, if a blood vessel's radius decreases by half, how does its resistance change, assuming all other variables remain constant?
What is resistance increases 16-fold?
A student remembers information better when taking an exam in the same room where they originally studied. This is an example of what type of memory phenomenon?
What is Context-dependent memory? (Retrieval improves when external cues present during encoding)
A researcher rejects the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is actually true. What type of statistical error has occurred?
What is a Type I error (false positive)?
(This is alpha (0.05), Type II error is failing to reject a false null; power = 1 - beta). A Type I error is convicting an innocent person, while a Type II error is setting a guilty person free
A protein composed of four identical subunits exhibits cooperative binding. Binding of a ligand to one subunit increases the affinity of the remaining subunits. This demonstrates what type of allosteric regulation?
What is positive cooperativity?
A 3 Ω resistor and a 6 Ω resistor are connected in parallel to a 12 V battery. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
What is 72 Watts? (current = 6 A, P = V*I)
A patient begins hyperventilating, causing their blood pH to increase. In which direction does the oxygen–hemoglobin dissociation curve shift, and what happens to hemoglobin's oxygen affinity?
What are Left shift; increased oxygen affinity?
According to signal detection theory, lowering the decision threshold makes both hits and what other type of response more likely?
What are false alarms? (hits, misses, false alarms, and correct rejections are the 4 outcomes you should know)
In a population of 1,000 people, 100 have a disease. A diagnostic test has 90% sensitivity and 90% specificity. What percentage of people with positive results actually have the disease?
What is 50%?
Sensitivity: 100 people with disease, 90 will test positive.
Specificity: 900 without disease, 90 will have a false positive.
PPV: TP/(TP+FP) = 50%