significant people
What was the Compromise made in 1820 and who made it?
Missouri Compromise, Henry Clay
What innovations led to the market revolution?
railroads, canals, steamships, telegraph, cotton gin, sewing machine
Who said “The bank is trying to kill me, but I will kill it”?
Andrew Jackson
How did the development of the Market Revolution change the roles of women in American society during the early 19th century?
it expanded economic opportunities for women and employment brought a new sense of freedom for women (ex. Lowell Mills)
What was the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848?
assembly held in New York by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, the first women's rights convention which also contributed to other social reform movements like abolitionism
Who was nicknamed King Mob?
What was the difference between the 2nd Great Awakening compared to the 1st Great Awakening?
- no longer predestined
- open to the “common man"
- women had a bigger role in society
- no longer emphasis on rational thinking, more focused on emotion
- more westward expansion
Who was described to be “consistently inconsistent”?
Thomas Jefferson
What was the Trail Of Tears?
a deadly route used by Native American tribes, they were forced to move to areas west of the Mississippi River
What was the importance of the Louisiana Purchase?
nearly doubled size of US and altered the nation's geography and laid the groundwork for expansion
Who were the Whig and Democrat leaders?
Whig - Henry Clay, Daniel Webster
Democrat - Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren
What were Jacksonian politics?
- expanded suffrage (for some)
- relocation of all natives west of Mississippi River
- patronage (spoils system)
- extinguishing of national debt
- elimination of bank of US
Who said “We have the wolf by the ear” and what was this person referring to?
Thomas Jefferson, Missouri Compromise of 1820
What did the Oneida community practice?
- utopian community and communal living
- attempted to create ideal or “perfect” communities based on social/religious/philosophical principles
What was the significance of the Embargo Act of 1807?
halted all US trade with Britain and France in response to their interference with US merchant ships in the Napoleonic Wars
Who was Solomon Northup?
born a free African American but then kidnapped and enslaved for 12 years
What was the importance of Marbury v. Madison?
established the principle of judicial review/gave the Supreme Court the ability to deem legislative, executive, or state actions as unconstitutional
Who said “They are but improved means to an unimproved end”?
Henry David Thoreau
What was the importance of Gibbons v. Ogden?
established the principle that federal authority in regulating interstate commerce was supreme over state laws and regulations
What were the causes and impacts of the War of 1812
Causes:
- British impressment
- pressure on the frontier
- pressure from "war hawks"
- interference with American trade
Impacts:
- "2nd Independence"/rising patriotism
- fall of federalist party
- Adams-Onis Treaty (1821)
- Monroe Doctrine (1823)
Who was Charles Finney?
a leader in the 2nd Great Awakening and a central figure in the religious revival movement of the 2nd Great Awakening
What was Henry Clay's American system?
- support for tariffs to reduce US debt
- support for a national bank
- support for federal funding of infrastructure projects
- aimed to unite the country after the War of 1812 and address the various economic issues
Who/what said “The American continents … are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers”?
Monroe Doctrine, 1823
What are the 4 tenets of transcendentalists?
- philosophy that emphasized “indefinable” and “unknowable”
-individualism
- believed in the inherent goodness of humanity and nature
-advocated for “civil disobedience” to unjust laws
What was the significance of the Battle of New Orleans?
-an impressive victory against Great Britain led by General Andrew Jackson
- boosted Jackson's political career, gains popularity and is seen as a "hero"