Evolution
Evidence of Evolution
Natural Selection
Skills
Miscellaneous
100
True or false: Darwin proposed that all individuals within a species are exactly the same.
False: he proposed that individuals within a species had varied characteristics
100
What type of evidence preserves remains or traces of organisms from the past?
Fossils.
100
What is Natural Selection?
The process where individuals with more favorable traits will survive and reproduce in the environment
100
When reading a geological timescale, what does the position of a fossil within the timescale tell you?
approximately when the organism lived/existed.
100
Which country gifted the statue of liberty to the United States?
France.
200
Who is most famously associated with the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Charles Darwin
200
What does shared anatomy involve comparing?
The anatomical structures of different organisms that have the same internal components.
200
What must exist within a population for natural selection to occur?
Variation must exist for favourable traits to exist.
200
A fossil is found in a rock layer beneath another fossil. What can you infer about the relative ages of the two fossils?
The fossil in the lower layer is generally older than the fossil in the upper layer, assuming the layers have not been disturbed.
200
What is the largest organ in the human body?
the skin
300
What did Darwin observe about individuals within a species that was important in developing his theory?
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Individuals within a population show variation; they are not all identical.
300
Why is the fossil record evidence for evolution?
It shows that organisms have changed over geological time and provides evidence of extinct organisms and transitional forms.
300
Why are organisms with advantageous characteristics more likely to reproduce?
They are more likely to survive in their environment and reach reproductive age.
300
Scientists have evidence from fossils, comparative anatomy and biogeography that supports evolution. Why is using several different lines of evidence stronger than relying on only one?
Multiple lines of evidence that reinforce the same conclusion give stronger support to the theory
300
What is the largest ocean on Earth?
Pacific Ocean
400
During his voyage on the HMS Beagle, Darwin observed that closely related organisms on different Galápagos Islands had different characteristics. What did this suggest to Darwin?
That species could change over time and become adapted to different environments.
400
What can similarities in the DNA sequences of two species tell scientists about their evolutionary relationship?
The more similar their DNA sequences are, the more closely related the species are likely to be and the more recent their common ancestor may be.
400
A population of insects contains some individuals resistant to a pesticide. After the pesticide is used, most non-resistant insects die. What is likely to happen to resistance in the population over time?
Resistance will become more common because resistant insects are more likely to survive and reproduce.
400
A scientist finds three fossils in undisturbed rock layers. Fossil A is in the lowest layer, Fossil B is in the middle layer and Fossil C is in the uppermost layer. Which fossil is likely to be the oldest?
Fossil A
400
What belongs to you, but other people use it more than you do?
Your name
500
Darwin observed that populations produce more offspring than can survive, resources are limited, and individuals vary in their characteristics. How did these observations contribute to his theory of natural selection?
individuals must compete to survive. Since individuals vary, some will have characteristics that give them an advantage. Those individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing advantageous characteristics to their offspring.
500
Scientists compare the DNA of three species. Species A and B have very similar DNA, while Species C has many more differences. What can scientists guess in terms of relation?
Species A and B are likely more closely related and share a more recent common ancestor than either does with Species C.
500
A population of rabbits contains brown and white rabbits. The environment becomes covered in dark vegetation, making brown rabbits harder for predators to see. Explain how natural selection could cause brown rabbits to become more common over several generations.
Brown rabbits are better camouflaged, so they are more likely to survive and reproduce. They pass the characteristic to their offspring, causing brown rabbits to become more common over generations.
500
Scientists discover two fossils of the same species. Fossil A is found in a layer dated to 250 million years ago, while Fossil B is found in a layer dated to 100 million years ago. What could scientists investigate to determine whether the species changed over this period?
They could compare the physical characteristics of the fossils and look for changes between the older and younger specimens.
500
I have no life, but I can die. What am I?
A battery.