Fundamental Counting Principle
If you have 3 shirts and 4 pants, how many different outfits can you make?
What is 12? (3 × 4 = 12)
A permutation is an arrangement of objects where ______ matters.
What is order?
A coin is flipped and a six-sided die is rolled. What is the probability of getting heads and rolling a 4?
What is 1/12? (1/2 × 1/6 = 1/12)
The deepest known part of the ocean, the Challenger Deep, is located in which trench?
What is the Mariana Trench?
A restaurant offers 3 appetizers, 5 main courses, and 2 desserts. How many different meals can be ordered?
What is 30? (3 × 5 × 2 = 30)
Is the following scenario a permutation or a combination? A committee of 5 members is chosen from a group of 12 people.
What is combination? (Since the order doesn't matter in the committee selection)
A card is drawn from a standard deck. What is the probability of drawing a heart or a club?
What is 26/52? (13/52 + 13/52)
What is the national animal of Scotland?
What is the unicorn?
A restaurant offers a "build-your-own burger" option. There are 3 types of buns, 5 types of meat, 6 cheeses, and 8 toppings. If you choose one of each, how many burgers can be made?
What is 720? (3 × 5 × 6 × 8 = 720)
Is the following scenario a permutation or a combination? A 3-digit passcode is created from the digits 1-9, with no repeats.
What is permutation? (Since order matters in a passcode)
A bag contains 5 red, 3 blue, and 2 green marbles. What is the probability of drawing a red and then a blue (without replacement)?
What is 15/90? (5/10 × 3/9 = 15/90 = 1/6)
What rare natural phenomenon is also known as a "moonbow"?
What is a lunar rainbow? (A rainbow that occurs at night due to moonlight instead of sunlight.)
How many ways can you order 3 different books on a shelf if you have 6 books to choose from?
What is 120? (6 × 5 × 4 = 120)
A teacher selects 3 students from a class of 12 to be in a group. How many ways can this be done?
What is 220? (12C3 = 12! / (3!(12-3)!) = 220)
P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.5, and P(A and B) = 0.3, what is P(A or B)?
What is 0.8? (P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B) = 0.6 + 0.5 - 0.3 = 0.8)
What is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature besides mercury?
What is gallium? (It melts at just 29.76°C (85.57°F) and can melt in your hand!)
A password consists of 4 letters followed by 2 digits. How many different passwords can be created if repetition is allowed?
What is (26⁴) × (10²) = 45,697,600?
A 4-digit access code is created using the numbers 0-9, but no digit is repeated. How many possible codes exist?
What is 5,040? (10P4 = 10! / (10-4)! = 5,040)
If 70% of students study for a test and 50% of those who study pass, while only 20% of those who don’t study pass, what is the probability that a randomly chosen student passes?
What is 0.43 (or 43%)? (0.7 × 0.5 + 0.3 × 0.2 = 0.35 + 0.06 = 0.43)
Which animal has the highest blood pressure of any living creature?
What is the giraffe? (Its heart has to pump blood up its long neck, requiring extreme pressure.)