Definitions & Human Rights
When did the United Nations create the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
(a) 1945, (b) 1946, (c) 1947, (d) 1948
d) 1948
Who made the "I have a dream" speech in 1963?
Martin Luther King Jr.
When did the First Fleet arrive in Australia?
1788, at Sydney Cove
What is "a reserve" in terms of historical treatment of Aboriginal People?
Parcels of land set aside by governments for the relocation of Aboriginal people, to keep them separated from the white Australian population.
What is a "mission" in relation to the historical treatment of Aboriginal People?
Religious institutions established by Christian missionaries in Australia, aiming to convert Aboriginal people Christianity and to assimilate Aboriginal people into European ways of life.
How many countries were in the United Nations when it was founded after WWII in 1945?
(a) 50, (b) 51, (c) 52, (d) 53
(b) 51
How did Civil Rights Activist Martin Luther King Jr die?
He was assassinated
Did the Indigenous People initially greet the first fleet with defence or kindness?
The first exchanges between Eora and Europeans on the beaches of Sydney were friendly; beads, mirrors, cloth and gestures of goodwill were exchanged; before land was taken for prisons & settlements. The fight for survival began
What does the term "Stolen Generation" refer to?
The Stolen Generations refer to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children who were forcibly removed from their families, communities, and cultures by Australian federal and state government agencies and church missions.
Give details about what the Wave Hill Walk Off (1966) was protesting.
Poor treatment of 200 ATSI workers on a Cattle Station e.g. low wages (1/3 of white people or just rations), long hours, poor living conditions on site.
It later led to loss of traditional lands at the neighbouring Wattie Creek
Give an example of a human right in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
What were the US laws called that enforced racial segregation and voter suppression against African Americans?
Jim Crow Laws
When was the Day of Mourning?
(a) 26/01/1928 (b) 26/01/1938 (c) 26/01/1948
(b) 26/01/1938
When did the horrors of the Stolen Generation finally end?
(a) 1959 (b) 1965 (c) 1969 (d) 1975
(c) 1969
What was the name of the Indigenous man who led the civil rights movement that led to Native Title recognition?
Eddie Mabo
What does the term segregation mean in terms of the historical treatment of native people?
Segregation is the act or policy of keeping different groups of people or things apart from each other
Who was Rosa Parks & what did she do that inspired other US Civil Rights Movements?
Rosa Parks was an American civil rights activist.
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, she refused to surrender her bus seat to a white passenger on a segregated bus, triggering the 381-day Montgomery Bus Boycott.
The outcome: The U.S. Supreme Court later ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional
A "Day of Mourning" was held on Australia Day in 1938. What were they protesting?
- 150 years of dispossession
- Forced family separation
- Systemic discrimination
- Violent loss of their lives, culture, and self-determination
What was one of the rules of the missions that the Stolen Generation children went to?
- could not speak their native language
- they were given european names
- forced to adopt Christian values/teachings
- participate in "training" not education e.g. boys for farming and girls for domestic work
Why was the Aboriginal Tent Embassy's use of the word "Embassy" symbolic? What did it mean?
Using the term "embassy" highlighted that First Nations people had never ceded sovereignty and were treated like foreigners in their own
What does the term assimilation mean in terms of the historical treatment of native people?
The assimilation of native people is the process—often forced by colonial governments—whereby indigenous groups are made to abandon their traditional cultures, languages, laws, and identities to adopt the dominant society's way of life.
What does "The Little Rock Nine" refer to?
A group of 9 teens who enrolled in the previously segregated Little Rock Central High School in 1957.
Although the court ruled that it was unconstitutional to have segregation in schools, the teens were harrassed from other students and had to be escorted to and from class for weeks.
The British applied the doctrine of "terra nullius" to Australia when they colonised in 1788.
What does "terra nullius" mean and when did the doctrine official get overturned?
Terra nullius ("land belonging to no-one")
On June 3, 1992, the High Court of Australia handed down the historic Mabo decision (Mabo v Queensland [No 2]), which rejected the legal fiction of terra nullius. The ruling recognized that ATSI peoples held pre-existing land rights and established the common law doctrine of native title.
Outline ONE thing that was achieved by the historical passing of the 1967 referendum
On May 27, 1967, Australians voted overwhelmingly (90.77%) to alter the Australian Constitution.
The vote meant that:
- ATSI people would be included in the Census
- Allowed the government to make laws for their benefit
Explain what the Aboriginal Tent Embassy was (26 Jan 1972)
The Aboriginal Tent Embassy was established on January 26, 1972, opposite Old Parliament House in Canberra. Four Indigenous activists—Michael Anderson, Billy Craigie, Bertie Williams, and Tony Coorey—set up a beach umbrella with a sign reading "Aboriginal Embassy" to protest PM William McMahon’s government rejection full land rights, offering restrictive 50-year leases instead of formal title or mineral rights