Over-grazing Effects
This type of farming happens when livestock (like cattle or goats) are kept in numbers too high for the land to support
Over-grazing
This economic reason drives commercial farmers to keep too many animals, as they want to make the most money possible
the desire for long-term profits
When fish are caught faster than they can reproduce, the fish population decreases. What is this called?
Over-fishing
There are more people in the world, and they want more fish to eat. What is this reason called?
increasing population (or increasing demand)
If we use a resource without giving it time to replace itself, it cannot be managed well. What is this concept called?
Unwise Use of Resources (or exploitation)
When livestock eat the vegetation faster than it can grow back, the soil is exposed. This leads to the loss of the top, nutrient-rich layer of earth.
Soil Erosion
In many cultures, owning a large herd of livestock is not just for farming; it represents this
wealth and status
Because of over-fishing, this happens to fish species—meaning they are at risk of disappearing entirely.
Becoming vulnerable (or endangerd/extinct)
It is very hard to measure exactly how many fish live in the ocean and how many are left, making laws hard to enforce. What is this difficulty called?
It is difficult to measure fish stock
If you cut down trees (deforestation) faster than you plant new ones, what will eventually happen to the trees?
a shortage of trees
This long-term effect happens when land becomes so degraded it turns into desert-like conditions, ruining the ecosystem.
Desertification
When rain is scarce and grass dies, the land takes a very long time to recover. What is this environmental cause called?
climate (or climate reasons / drought)
Over-fishing damages the ocean environment. What is the term for this damage?
damage to marine ecosystems
Some people fish illegally to make a quick profit, often selling their catch on the black market. What is this called?
Poaching (or illegal fishing)
What is the definition of "Over-exploitation"?
using resources for our own benefits so much that they are used up too quickly
Because the land can no longer support farming, people are forced to move from rural areas to cities looking for work.
Urbanisation
Commercial farmers face the risk of losing everything if it doesn't rain. What is this economic risk called in the notes. (Double points)
short-term risk on livestock
When fish populations drop, companies cannot hire as many workers. What is this economic effect?
loss of jobs
Modern technology has made it easier to catch fish. What is this cause called?
improved fishing technology (or modern equipment)
Unwise use of resources leads to "depletion". What does depletion mean?
reducing the amount of a resource until there is not enough left
Name TWO long-term economic effects of over-grazing mentioned in the notes.
Loss of food (meat) leading to higher prices, AND an increase in rural poverty
Give ONE reason why it is difficult to stop over-grazing in rural areas
1) It is difficult to change cultural traditions/status
OR
2) people rely on it for their survival
Scenario: A local Gqeberha fisherman notices he is catching fewer and smaller fish than 10 years ago. Based on the notes, name TWO economic problems this causes.
Loss of jobs AND economic problems (or food shortages/higher prices)
What is the difference between "Poaching" and "Improved Technology" as causes of over-fishing?
Poaching is ILLEGAL fishing for black market money, while improved technology is using better equipment to catch fish more efficiently (even if it's legal)
Give an example of a renewable resource being used unwisely, based on the notes.
Cutting down too many trees without planting new ones
OR
catching too many fish without letting them reproduce