Vocabulary Words
Invention by Johannes Gutenberg in 1452
Printing Press
A King or Queen who has absolute control is called an
Absolute Monarch
What person did the Catholic Church try to get to admit that the earth was at the center of the universe and did not move?
Galileo Galilee
Renaissance means
Re-birth
The series of events during the 1500's and 1600's in Western Europe that led to the birth of modern science is called the ____________?
Scientific Revolution
This concept/idea came from the Renaissance and focused on humans, life on earth, and learning instead of on God and Heaven
Humanism
Belief that a ruler's authority comes directly from God. Philip II thought he had divine right to rule as an absolute monarch.
Divine Right
Newton said that this invisible force_____________ holds planets in orbit around the sun.
Gravity
During The Age of Exploration, Europeans reached the Americas and began to colonize (take over) areas in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. What were the three reasons why? (Think Three G's)
God, Gold, Glory
period in European history between 1600's and 1700's when nations were governed (ruled) by absolute monarchs.
Age of Absolutism
someone whose beliefs go against the Church’s official beliefs
Heretic
He was the absolute monarch of Russia. He also westernized Russia, which means that he imitated the customs and traditions of countries in Western Europe in order to strengthen his nation
Peter the Great
What do we call a step by step method for performing experiments and other scientific research? "___________ _________"
Scientific Method
The printing press was important for several reasons: (identify one reason)
1) It helped spread new ideas quickly.
2) It helped spread the Protestant Reformation since people like Martin Luther were able to print copies of their writings for others to read.
3) increased literacy (the ability of people to read and write) since books were now easier and cheaper to obtain.
___________ scholars preserved and build on Greek and Roman ideas. Then this information was based over to Europeans After the Crusades
Muslim
(takes back) statement
Recant
He was the absolute monarch of France. He build a lavish palace called the Palace of Versailles. His subjects called him the Sun King
King Louis XIV
During the Scientific Revolution, _________ and _________ were used to explain how the world worked
Science and Reason
or
Reason and Logic
This religious revolution in the 1500's challenged the Catholic Church and led to the further division of Christianity. It was led by leaders such as Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII (8th)
Protestant Reformation
Astronomer who developed the Heliocentric Theory- The idea that the planets revolve around the sun
Nicholas Copernicus
idea that colonies exist only to make the Mother Country (i.e.- Spain and Portugal) wealthy
clue: It's an ism and starts with an M, we taught this idea last year
Mercantilism
Key characteristics/features of absolute monarchs: (identify at least 2)
centralized political control, did not share power with anyone else.
Divine Right.
power was unlimited.
made laws without the consent (approval) of the people.
...
Key effects (results) of the Scientific Revolution: (List at least 2)
1) It resulted in the spread of new ideas throughout Europe.
2) It challenged the traditional authority (power) of the Catholic Church since European scientists proved that many Church teachings were incorrect.
The Italian city-states (like Venice and Florence) had great economies. Why did the Renaissance occur in these areas?
Access to Mediterranean Trade
Trade with Ottoman Empire
Vast wealth
What event in 1789 marked the end of the Age of Absolutism
clue: answer was in the Age of Absolutism handout
The French Revolution