RI 10.1
RI.10.1 — Cite Strong Evidence
Passage 1: “The Future of Tidal Energy”
Tidal energy, produced by the rise and fall of ocean tides, is gaining attention as a reliable renewable resource. Unlike wind or solar power, tides follow predictable patterns, allowing engineers to estimate energy output with remarkable accuracy. However, installing tidal turbines can disrupt marine habitats, raising concerns among environmental scientists. Despite these challenges, several coastal nations are investing in tidal energy as part of their long‑term sustainability plans.
Which sentence from the passage best supports the idea that tidal energy is predictable?
A. “Tidal energy…is gaining attention as a reliable renewable resource.”
B. “Tides follow predictable patterns, allowing engineers to estimate energy output with remarkable accuracy.”
C. “Installing tidal turbines can disrupt marine habitats.”
D. “Several coastal nations are investing in tidal energy.”
B. “Tides follow predictable patterns, allowing engineers to estimate energy output with remarkable accuracy.”
RI.10.2 — Determine Central Idea
Passage 2: “The Unexpected Value of Public Libraries”
Public libraries are often viewed simply as places to borrow books, but their role in communities extends far beyond that. Many libraries offer free internet access, job‑search assistance, and educational programs for all ages. They also serve as safe, climate‑controlled spaces for individuals who may not have access to such environments at home. As communities face economic and social challenges, libraries continue to adapt, proving themselves essential to public well‑being.
1. Which statement expresses the central idea of the passage?
A. Libraries are mainly used for borrowing books.
B. Libraries provide a wide range of services that support community needs.
C. Libraries struggle to stay open due to limited funding.
D. Libraries are replacing traditional community centers.
B. Libraries provide a wide range of services that support community needs.
RI.10.3 — Analyze Development of Ideas
Passage 3: “The Challenge of Restoring Coral Reefs”
Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth, yet they are increasingly threatened by rising ocean temperatures. When water becomes too warm, corals expel the algae that give them color and nutrients, a process known as bleaching. To address this issue, scientists are experimenting with “coral gardening,” in which healthy coral fragments are grown in underwater nurseries and later transplanted onto damaged reefs. Early results show promise, but researchers caution that restoration efforts cannot succeed without reducing global carbon emissions.
How does the author develop the idea that coral reefs are in danger?
A. By explaining how coral gardening works
B. By describing the bleaching process caused by rising temperatures
C. By comparing coral reefs to other ecosystems
D. By listing the types of algae found in reefs
B. By describing the bleaching process caused by rising temperatures
📘 RL.10.1 — Cite Strong Textual Evidence
Passage 1: “The Last Lantern Keeper”
Every evening, Mr. Hale climbed the narrow staircase of the lighthouse, his steps slow but steady. The townspeople often wondered why he continued the routine long after the lighthouse had been automated. When asked, he simply replied, “Some lights need a human hand.” Few understood what he meant, but Mr. Hale believed that the lighthouse was more than a machine; it was a promise of safety. Even if the new system never failed, he felt responsible for keeping that promise alive.
Which sentence best supports the idea that Mr. Hale feels personally responsible for the lighthouse?
A. “Every evening, Mr. Hale climbed the narrow staircase of the lighthouse.”
B. “The townspeople often wondered why he continued the routine…”
C. “Some lights need a human hand.”
D. “Even if the new system never failed, he felt responsible for keeping that promise alive.”
D. “Even if the new system never failed, he felt responsible for keeping that promise alive.”
Passage 2: “The Weight of the Stone”
When Mara’s grandmother passed away, she left Mara a smooth river stone wrapped in a faded cloth. At first, Mara was disappointed; she had expected something more meaningful. But as the weeks passed, she found herself carrying the stone everywhere—during exams, arguments with friends, and moments of doubt. One day, she finally noticed the words carved faintly into its surface: “Strength is carried, not given.” Only then did she understand why her grandmother had chosen the stone.
Which statement expresses the theme of the passage?
A. People should value expensive gifts.
B. Strength often comes from within and grows through experience.
C. Family traditions are difficult to understand.
D. Objects from the past can be confusing.
B. Strength often comes from within and grows through experience.
Passage 3: “The Debate Team” (Original Fiction)
Jordan and Elise had been partners on the debate team for two years, but this season felt different. Jordan had become increasingly frustrated with Elise’s calm, methodical approach, insisting they needed more aggressive strategies to win. Elise, however, believed that clarity and logic mattered more than volume. Their disagreements grew until one afternoon, Elise challenged Jordan to a mock debate. When Jordan stumbled over his rushed arguments, he finally understood the value of Elise’s steady preparation. From that day on, they worked together with renewed respect.
How does Jordan’s attitude toward Elise change over the course of the passage?
A. He becomes more confident in his own abilities.
B. He shifts from frustration to respect for her approach.
C. He decides he no longer wants to be her partner.
D. He becomes indifferent to debate.
B. He shifts from frustration to respect for her approach.
Passage 1: “The Future of Tidal Energy”
Tidal energy, produced by the rise and fall of ocean tides, is gaining attention as a reliable renewable resource. Unlike wind or solar power, tides follow predictable patterns, allowing engineers to estimate energy output with remarkable accuracy. However, installing tidal turbines can disrupt marine habitats, raising concerns among environmental scientists. Despite these challenges, several coastal nations are investing in tidal energy as part of their long‑term sustainability plans.
Which detail best supports the idea that tidal energy has environmental drawbacks?
A. It is gaining attention as a renewable resource.
B. Tides follow predictable patterns.
C. Turbines can disrupt marine habitats.
D. Coastal nations are investing in it.
C. Turbines can disrupt marine habitats.
RI.10.2 — Determine Central Idea
Passage 2: “The Unexpected Value of Public Libraries”
Public libraries are often viewed simply as places to borrow books, but their role in communities extends far beyond that. Many libraries offer free internet access, job‑search assistance, and educational programs for all ages. They also serve as safe, climate‑controlled spaces for individuals who may not have access to such environments at home. As communities face economic and social challenges, libraries continue to adapt, proving themselves essential to public well‑being.
Which detail best supports the central idea?
A. Libraries offer free internet access and job‑search assistance.
B. Libraries are climate‑controlled.
C. Libraries are often viewed as places to borrow books.
D. Libraries face economic challenges.
A. Libraries offer free internet access and job‑search assistance.
RI.10.3 — Analyze Development of Ideas
Passage 3: “The Challenge of Restoring Coral Reefs”
Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth, yet they are increasingly threatened by rising ocean temperatures. When water becomes too warm, corals expel the algae that give them color and nutrients, a process known as bleaching. To address this issue, scientists are experimenting with “coral gardening,” in which healthy coral fragments are grown in underwater nurseries and later transplanted onto damaged reefs. Early results show promise, but researchers caution that restoration efforts cannot succeed without reducing global carbon emissions.
How does paragraph 3 build on the information in paragraph 2?
A. It explains the long‑term effects of bleaching.
B. It introduces a possible solution to the problem described earlier.
C. It argues that coral reefs are not worth saving.
D. It describes how reefs form naturally.
B. It introduces a possible solution to the problem described earlier.
📘 RL.10.1 — Cite Strong Textual Evidence
Passage 1: “The Last Lantern Keeper” (Original Fiction)
Every evening, Mr. Hale climbed the narrow staircase of the lighthouse, his steps slow but steady. The townspeople often wondered why he continued the routine long after the lighthouse had been automated. When asked, he simply replied, “Some lights need a human hand.” Few understood what he meant, but Mr. Hale believed that the lighthouse was more than a machine; it was a promise of safety. Even if the new system never failed, he felt responsible for keeping that promise alive.
Which detail best shows that the townspeople do not fully understand Mr. Hale’s actions?
A. He climbed the staircase every evening.
B. The lighthouse had been automated.
C. “Few understood what he meant…”
D. He believed the lighthouse was a promise of safety.
C. “Few understood what he meant…”
Passage 2: “The Weight of the Stone” (Original Fiction)
When Mara’s grandmother passed away, she left Mara a smooth river stone wrapped in a faded cloth. At first, Mara was disappointed; she had expected something more meaningful. But as the weeks passed, she found herself carrying the stone everywhere—during exams, arguments with friends, and moments of doubt. One day, she finally noticed the words carved faintly into its surface: “Strength is carried, not given.” Only then did she understand why her grandmother had chosen the stone.
Which detail best supports the theme?
A. The stone was wrapped in a faded cloth.
B. Mara carried the stone during difficult moments.
C. Mara expected something more meaningful.
D. The stone was smooth and small.
B. Mara carried the stone during difficult moments.
Passage 3: “The Debate Team” (Original Fiction)
Jordan and Elise had been partners on the debate team for two years, but this season felt different. Jordan had become increasingly frustrated with Elise’s calm, methodical approach, insisting they needed more aggressive strategies to win. Elise, however, believed that clarity and logic mattered more than volume. Their disagreements grew until one afternoon, Elise challenged Jordan to a mock debate. When Jordan stumbled over his rushed arguments, he finally understood the value of Elise’s steady preparation. From that day on, they worked together with renewed respect.
Which detail best shows how Elise influences Jordan’s development?
A. She prefers calm, methodical strategies.
Which detail best shows how Elise influences Jordan’s development?
A. She prefers calm, methodical strategies.
B. She challenges him to a mock debate.
C. She has been his partner for two years.
D. She values clarity and logic.
B. She challenges him to a mock debate.
Passage 1: “The Future of Tidal Energy”
Tidal energy, produced by the rise and fall of ocean tides, is gaining attention as a reliable renewable resource. Unlike wind or solar power, tides follow predictable patterns, allowing engineers to estimate energy output with remarkable accuracy. However, installing tidal turbines can disrupt marine habitats, raising concerns among environmental scientists. Despite these challenges, several coastal nations are investing in tidal energy as part of their long‑term sustainability plans.
Which sentence provides evidence that tidal energy is becoming more widely accepted?
A. “Tidal energy…is gaining attention as a reliable renewable resource.”
B. “Tides follow predictable patterns…”
C. “Installing tidal turbines can disrupt marine habitats…”
D. “Several coastal nations are investing in tidal energy as part of their long‑term sustainability plans.”
D. “Several coastal nations are investing in tidal energy as part of their long‑term sustainability plans.”
RI.10.2 — Determine Central Idea
Passage 2: “The Unexpected Value of Public Libraries”
Public libraries are often viewed simply as places to borrow books, but their role in communities extends far beyond that. Many libraries offer free internet access, job‑search assistance, and educational programs for all ages. They also serve as safe, climate‑controlled spaces for individuals who may not have access to such environments at home. As communities face economic and social challenges, libraries continue to adapt, proving themselves essential to public well‑being.
Which sentence contributes most to the development of the central idea?
A. “Public libraries are often viewed simply as places to borrow books…”
B. “Many libraries offer free internet access, job‑search assistance, and educational programs…”
C. “They also serve as safe, climate‑controlled spaces…”
D. “Libraries continue to adapt…”
B. “Many libraries offer free internet access, job‑search assistance, and educational programs…”
RI.10.3 — Analyze Development of Ideas
Passage 3: “The Challenge of Restoring Coral Reefs”
Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth, yet they are increasingly threatened by rising ocean temperatures. When water becomes too warm, corals expel the algae that give them color and nutrients, a process known as bleaching. To address this issue, scientists are experimenting with “coral gardening,” in which healthy coral fragments are grown in underwater nurseries and later transplanted onto damaged reefs. Early results show promise, but researchers caution that restoration efforts cannot succeed without reducing global carbon emissions.
Which statement best explains how the author organizes the passage?
A. The author describes a problem, explains its cause, and presents a potential solution.
B. The author compares two different ecosystems.
C. The author lists the steps of coral gardening in chronological order.
D. The author argues that coral reefs are more important than other habitats.
A. The author describes a problem, explains its cause, and presents a potential solution.
📘 RL.10.1 — Cite Strong Textual Evidence
Passage 1: “The Last Lantern Keeper” (Original Fiction)
Every evening, Mr. Hale climbed the narrow staircase of the lighthouse, his steps slow but steady. The townspeople often wondered why he continued the routine long after the lighthouse had been automated. When asked, he simply replied, “Some lights need a human hand.” Few understood what he meant, but Mr. Hale believed that the lighthouse was more than a machine; it was a promise of safety. Even if the new system never failed, he felt responsible for keeping that promise alive.
Which evidence best supports the idea that Mr. Hale values tradition?
A. He continues climbing the lighthouse stairs.
B. The lighthouse is automated.
C. He says, “Some lights need a human hand.”
D. He feels responsible for safety.
A. He continues climbing the lighthouse stairs.
Passage 2: “The Weight of the Stone” (Original Fiction)
When Mara’s grandmother passed away, she left Mara a smooth river stone wrapped in a faded cloth. At first, Mara was disappointed; she had expected something more meaningful. But as the weeks passed, she found herself carrying the stone everywhere—during exams, arguments with friends, and moments of doubt. One day, she finally noticed the words carved faintly into its surface: “Strength is carried, not given.” Only then did she understand why her grandmother had chosen the stone.
Which sentence contributes most to the development of the theme?
A. “At first, Mara was disappointed…”
B. “She found herself carrying the stone everywhere…”
C. “One day, she finally noticed the words carved…”
D. “She had expected something more meaningful.”
C. “One day, she finally noticed the words carved…”
Passage 3: “The Debate Team” (Original Fiction)
Jordan and Elise had been partners on the debate team for two years, but this season felt different. Jordan had become increasingly frustrated with Elise’s calm, methodical approach, insisting they needed more aggressive strategies to win. Elise, however, believed that clarity and logic mattered more than volume. Their disagreements grew until one afternoon, Elise challenged Jordan to a mock debate. When Jordan stumbled over his rushed arguments, he finally understood the value of Elise’s steady preparation. From that day on, they worked together with renewed respect.
How do the characters’ conflicting approaches contribute to the plot?
A. They cause the team to lose competitions.
B. They create tension that leads to Jordan’s realization.
C. They show that Elise is more skilled than Jordan.
D. They reveal that debate is not important to either character.
B. They create tension that leads to Jordan’s realization.
Passage 1: “The Future of Tidal Energy”
Tidal energy, produced by the rise and fall of ocean tides, is gaining attention as a reliable renewable resource. Unlike wind or solar power, tides follow predictable patterns, allowing engineers to estimate energy output with remarkable accuracy. However, installing tidal turbines can disrupt marine habitats, raising concerns among environmental scientists. Despite these challenges, several coastal nations are investing in tidal energy as part of their long‑term sustainability plans.
Which detail best supports the idea that tidal energy differs from other renewable sources?
A. It is gaining attention.
B. Tides follow predictable patterns.
C. Turbines can disrupt habitats.
D. Nations are investing in it.
B. Tides follow predictable patterns.
RI.10.2 — Determine Central Idea
Passage 2: “The Unexpected Value of Public Libraries”
Public libraries are often viewed simply as places to borrow books, but their role in communities extends far beyond that. Many libraries offer free internet access, job‑search assistance, and educational programs for all ages. They also serve as safe, climate‑controlled spaces for individuals who may not have access to such environments at home. As communities face economic and social challenges, libraries continue to adapt, proving themselves essential to public well‑being.
Which statement best summarizes the passage?
A. Libraries are becoming less popular as technology advances.
B. Libraries offer essential services that help communities meet modern challenges.
C. Libraries should focus more on book lending than community programs.
D. Libraries are only useful for people without internet access.
B. Libraries offer essential services that help communities meet modern challenges.
RI.10.3 — Analyze Development of Ideas
Passage 3: “The Challenge of Restoring Coral Reefs”
Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth, yet they are increasingly threatened by rising ocean temperatures. When water becomes too warm, corals expel the algae that give them color and nutrients, a process known as bleaching. To address this issue, scientists are experimenting with “coral gardening,” in which healthy coral fragments are grown in underwater nurseries and later transplanted onto damaged reefs. Early results show promise, but researchers caution that restoration efforts cannot succeed without reducing global carbon emissions.
How does the final sentence contribute to the development of ideas?
A. It introduces a new threat unrelated to bleaching.
B. It emphasizes that restoration alone cannot solve the problem.
C. It suggests that coral gardening is unnecessary.
D. It explains how coral nurseries are built.
B. It emphasizes that restoration alone cannot solve the problem.
📘 RL.10.1 — Cite Strong Textual Evidence
Passage 1: “The Last Lantern Keeper” (Original Fiction)
Every evening, Mr. Hale climbed the narrow staircase of the lighthouse, his steps slow but steady. The townspeople often wondered why he continued the routine long after the lighthouse had been automated. When asked, he simply replied, “Some lights need a human hand.” Few understood what he meant, but Mr. Hale believed that the lighthouse was more than a machine; it was a promise of safety. Even if the new system never failed, he felt responsible for keeping that promise alive.
Which sentence best supports the idea that Mr. Hale sees the lighthouse as symbolic?
A. “Every evening, Mr. Hale climbed the narrow staircase…”
B. “Some lights need a human hand.”
C. “Few understood what he meant…”
D. “He felt responsible for keeping that promise alive.”
B. “Some lights need a human hand.”
Passage 2: “The Weight of the Stone” (Original Fiction)
When Mara’s grandmother passed away, she left Mara a smooth river stone wrapped in a faded cloth. At first, Mara was disappointed; she had expected something more meaningful. But as the weeks passed, she found herself carrying the stone everywhere—during exams, arguments with friends, and moments of doubt. One day, she finally noticed the words carved faintly into its surface: “Strength is carried, not given.” Only then did she understand why her grandmother had chosen the stone.
Which statement best summarizes the passage?
A. Mara receives a stone and learns it has a hidden message about inner strength.
B. Mara discovers her grandmother collected unusual objects.
C. Mara loses a stone that meant a lot to her grandmother.
D. Mara learns that gifts should always be practical.
A. Mara receives a stone and learns it has a hidden message about inner strength.
Passage 3: “The Debate Team” (Original Fiction)
Jordan and Elise had been partners on the debate team for two years, but this season felt different. Jordan had become increasingly frustrated with Elise’s calm, methodical approach, insisting they needed more aggressive strategies to win. Elise, however, believed that clarity and logic mattered more than volume. Their disagreements grew until one afternoon, Elise challenged Jordan to a mock debate. When Jordan stumbled over his rushed arguments, he finally understood the value of Elise’s steady preparation. From that day on, they worked together with renewed respect.
Which statement best explains how the author develops Jordan’s character?
A. By showing his frustration and eventual understanding
B. By describing his childhood experiences
C. By comparing him to other debaters
D. By focusing on his victories
A. By showing his frustration and eventual understanding
Passage 1: “The Future of Tidal Energy”
Tidal energy, produced by the rise and fall of ocean tides, is gaining attention as a reliable renewable resource. Unlike wind or solar power, tides follow predictable patterns, allowing engineers to estimate energy output with remarkable accuracy. However, installing tidal turbines can disrupt marine habitats, raising concerns among environmental scientists. Despite these challenges, several coastal nations are investing in tidal energy as part of their long‑term sustainability plans.
Which evidence from the passage shows that tidal energy is not without challenges?
A. It is reliable.
B. It is predictable.
C. Turbines may harm marine habitats.
D. Nations are investing in it.
C. Turbines may harm marine habitats.
RI.10.2 — Determine Central Idea
Passage 2: “The Unexpected Value of Public Libraries”
Public libraries are often viewed simply as places to borrow books, but their role in communities extends far beyond that. Many libraries offer free internet access, job‑search assistance, and educational programs for all ages. They also serve as safe, climate‑controlled spaces for individuals who may not have access to such environments at home. As communities face economic and social challenges, libraries continue to adapt, proving themselves essential to public well‑being.
Which detail is most important to understanding the central idea?
A. Libraries are climate‑controlled.
B. Libraries adapt to community needs.
C. Libraries offer educational programs.
D. Libraries are viewed as places to borrow books.
C. Libraries offer educational programs.
RI.10.3 — Analyze Development of Ideas
Passage 3: “The Challenge of Restoring Coral Reefs”
Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth, yet they are increasingly threatened by rising ocean temperatures. When water becomes too warm, corals expel the algae that give them color and nutrients, a process known as bleaching. To address this issue, scientists are experimenting with “coral gardening,” in which healthy coral fragments are grown in underwater nurseries and later transplanted onto damaged reefs. Early results show promise, but researchers caution that restoration efforts cannot succeed without reducing global carbon emissions.
Which detail best shows that coral gardening is still experimental?
A. Coral reefs are diverse ecosystems.
B. Bleaching occurs when corals expel algae.
C. Healthy coral fragments are grown in nurseries.
D. Early results show promise, but researchers urge caution.
D. Early results show promise, but researchers urge caution.
📘 RL.10.1 — Cite Strong Textual Evidence
Passage 1: “The Last Lantern Keeper”
Every evening, Mr. Hale climbed the narrow staircase of the lighthouse, his steps slow but steady. The townspeople often wondered why he continued the routine long after the lighthouse had been automated. When asked, he simply replied, “Some lights need a human hand.” Few understood what he meant, but Mr. Hale believed that the lighthouse was more than a machine; it was a promise of safety. Even if the new system never failed, he felt responsible for keeping that promise alive.
Which detail best supports the idea that Mr. Hale’s dedication goes beyond necessity?
A. The lighthouse was automated.
B. He climbed the stairs slowly.
C. He believed the lighthouse was a promise of safety.
D. The townspeople wondered about his routine.
C. He believed the lighthouse was a promise of safety.
Passage 2: “The Weight of the Stone” (Original Fiction)
When Mara’s grandmother passed away, she left Mara a smooth river stone wrapped in a faded cloth. At first, Mara was disappointed; she had expected something more meaningful. But as the weeks passed, she found herself carrying the stone everywhere—during exams, arguments with friends, and moments of doubt. One day, she finally noticed the words carved faintly into its surface: “Strength is carried, not given.” Only then did she understand why her grandmother had chosen the stone.
Which detail is most important to understanding the theme?
A. The stone is smooth.
B. Mara carries it during exams.
C. The inscription reads, “Strength is carried, not given.”
D. The cloth is faded.
C. The inscription reads, “Strength is carried, not given.”
Passage 3: “The Debate Team” (Original Fiction)
Jordan and Elise had been partners on the debate team for two years, but this season felt different. Jordan had become increasingly frustrated with Elise’s calm, methodical approach, insisting they needed more aggressive strategies to win. Elise, however, believed that clarity and logic mattered more than volume. Their disagreements grew until one afternoon, Elise challenged Jordan to a mock debate. When Jordan stumbled over his rushed arguments, he finally understood the value of Elise’s steady preparation. From that day on, they worked together with renewed respect.
How does the resolution of the passage reflect the characters’ growth?
A. They decide to quit the debate team.
B. They agree to compete separately.
C. They learn to combine their strengths and respect each other.
D. They choose a new coach.
C. They learn to combine their strengths and respect each other.