Chemicals of Life
The 4 main polymers that make up humans
What is carbohydrates, fats (lipids), proteins, DNA
The smallest units that all organisms are made of
What is cells
A gene is .....
What is a length of DNA that codes for one protein
Define aerobic respiration
What is the chemical reaction that takes place in the mitochondria of cells to produce energy (ATP) for cell processes
Specialised cells that make up the nervous system
What is neurones
The test for the presence of starch
What is iodine turns from orage/brown to blue/black
Structures present in plant cells not present in animal cells
What is permanent large vacuole, chloroplasts, cell wall
The number of chromosomes in a human
What is 46 chromosomes - 23 homologous pairs
Identify the parts of the human gas exchange system - name at least 5
What is lungs, diaphragm, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, ribs, intercostal muscles
A series that transmits electrical impulses from a receptor to an effector (include the order)
What is a reflex arc (sensory, relay, motor neurones)
The test for protein and the test for glucose and the results
What is Biuret test (blue - purple = positive for protein) and Benedicts test (range from blue, green, yellow, orange, red as conn of glucose present inclreases) (requires heat)
The organelle where protein molecules are made
What is ribosomes
The process and its 4 phases that produces genetically identical cells
What is the process of mitosis (PMAT) - prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
The equation for aerobic respiration
What is:
glucose + oxygen - carbon dioxide + water + ATP
Composed of the spinal cord and brain and then spreads out to form this
What is the CNS and PNS
The base pairing rule (including RNA)
What is
A - T :Apple in the Tree
C - G :Car in the Garage
in RNA T is replaced with Uracil
The formula to calculate magnification
What is
magnification = size of image/actual size of object
The genetic makeup of an organism and the features of an organism
What is genotype and phenotype
The equations for anaerobic respiration in humans and yeast (fermentation)
What is:
glucose - lactic acid (humans)
glucose - carbon dioxide + alcohol
The differences between nervous system and endocrine system
neurones, glands
electrical impulses, chemicals (hormones)
neurones, blood
fast action, slower action
short acting, longer acting
The monomers of the main compounds and the elements they contain
What is:
Carbs - sugars (C,H,O)
Proteins - amino acids (C,H,O,N)
Lipids - fatty acids + glycerol (C,H,O)
DNA - nucleotides (made of 4 bases) (C,H,O,N,P)
A diagram of a plant and an animal cell
What is 2 beautiful labelled diagrams
Predict the offspring of a rabbit with 2 heterzygous parents for grey fur using a Punnett square where grey is dominant(G) and charcoal is recessive(g)
What is
Gg x Gg
3:1 grey to charcoal
Describe the flow of blood through the heart (or use a diagram!)
What is:
.vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
Describe the process of transmitting a signal from one neuron to another (you can use a diagram)
What is neurotransmitters diffusing across a synapse. Vesicles fuse with the neurone terminal and diffuse across the gap to bind with a specific receptor to trigger an electrical impulse in the receiving neurone. It is a one way system and transmitter only go in one direction.