Theories & Laws
Prior to Plate Tectonic Theory, this scientist proposed Continental Drift and the supercontinent Pangaea.
Who is Alfred Wegener?
Observations that describe qualities (colour, shape, behaviour) are known as this type of data.
What is qualitative data?
If strata in rock cuttings show older layers at the bottom and younger at the top, this supports which law?
What is the Law of Superposition?
What is an analogy?
A structured set of ideas, principles, and evidence used to explain or predict how and why things happen in the world?
What is a theory?
This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed or transferrd.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Observations that involve numbers or measurements are known as this type of data
What is quantitative data?
If slaters consistently move to moist areas, we infer they prefer this environmental condition.
What is moisture?
This early model placed Earth at the centre of the universe.
What is the Geocentric Model?
Einstein’s equation showing mass–energy equivalence is written like this.
What is E = mc²?
The final stage of developing a theory
What is the Validation Stage?
Variables kept constant to prevent them affecting the outcome of a scientific investigation.
What are controlled variables?
If continents have matching fossils and rock layers, we infer they once formed this.
What is Pangaea?
This modern model explains earthquakes, volcanoes, and continental movement.
What is Plate Tectonic Theory?
The tendency for humans to perceive meaningful connections from unrelated things.
What is apophenia? (I'll accept pareidolia for a visual stimulus)
Darwin’s explanation for evolution is known as this mechanism.
What is Natural Selection?
In the candle in a jar experiment, the flame eventually goes out because this gas decreases.
What is oxygen?
If a giraffe population gradually develops longer necks over generations, Darwin would infer this process occurred.
What is Natural Selection?
This cosmological model states the universe began from a hot, dense starting point.
What is the Big Bang Theory?
What is a descriptive statement based on repeated experiments or observations that predicts or summarises how nature behaves under specific conditions?
What is a scientific law?
This cosmological theory was rejected after the discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation.
What is the Steady State Theory?
Slaters (Pill bugs) moving toward the dark, moist side of a choice chamber is an example of this type of behavioural pattern.
What is an environmental preference?
Credited with disproving the phlogiston theory through his experiments with mercury oxide.
Who is Antoine Lavoisier?
This atomic model was replaced after evidence showed atoms contain electrons, protons, and neutrons.
What is Dalton’s atomic model?
What is the Broad St Pump?