Cells
The theory stating all organisms are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from pre-existing cells.
What is cell theory?
In multicellular organisms, a group of similar cells organised to perform a specific function.
What is a tissue?
A characteristic that increases an organism's fitness.
What is an adaptation?
The process of creating a new species.
What is speciation?
Variable in an experiment that is measured.
What is the dependent variable?
Known as the "powerhouse" of the cell, this organelle is the site of aerobic respiration.
What is the mitochondrion?
The two vascular tissues in plants that transport water and sugars, respectively.
What is the xylem and phloem?
Structures in different species that have a similar evolutionary origin but may have different functions.
What are homologous structures?
The theory that species change at a consistent pace over time, in response to a consistently changing set of selection pressures.
What is Gradualism?
The highest taxonomical rank above kingdom?
What is a domain?
The net movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from a low to high solute concentration.
What is osmosis?
Structures that increase the surface area for gas exchange to occur in mammalian respiration.
What are alveoli?
The four mechanisms which drive evolution.
What is genetic drift, gene flow, natural selection and mutation?
The role and position of a species within an ecosystem.
What is an ecological niche?
The site of protein synthesis.
What is a ribosome?
Regulates the rigidity of the fluid mosaic.
What is cholesterol?
This open circulatory system fluid in insects is analogous to blood in mammals.
What is hemolymph?
Structures that share function but not a close common ancestor.
What are analogous structures?
The process in which genes are regulated resulting in cells gaining structures and shapes necessary for their function.
What is differentiation?
The theory the described movement of nutrients in plants.
What is source to sink theory?
Increasing this will exponentially increase reaction rate, until all active sites are occupied.
What is substrate concentration?
The chambers, vessels and structures blood takes between the vena cava and the aorta.
What is the right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, capillaries around alveoli in the lungs, pulmonary vein, right atrium, right ventricle.
This mode of speciation occurs when a population is divided by a geographic barrier, such as a mountain range or river, leading to reproductive isolation and divergent evolution.
What is allopatric speciation?
An additional ligand that will bind to an enzyme, other than the substrate, to facilitate the catalytic function.
What is a co-enzyme?
The presence of a double membrane, their own circular DNA, 70S ribosomes, and the ability to self-replicate via binary fission are all key pieces of evidence for this evolutionary theory.
What is the theory of endosymbiosis?