Role of the Brain
Nerve cells. The building blocks of our nervous system.
Neurons
A strong, close and emotional bond that develops between an infant and their caregiver and lasts for many years.
Naturally occurring altered state of consciousness marked by a diminished sense of awareness and responsiveness to the external environment.
Sleep
The application of cognitive skills and knowledge to learn and solve problems.
Intelligence
Type of anxiety disorder. Categorised by an intense and irrational fear of a specific situation or object.
Specific Phobia
The two major divisions of the human nervous system.
Central Nervous System & Peripheral Nervous System
An environment where there is opportunity for stimulation of the brain by social and physical surroundings.
Enriched Environment
Awareness of our own thoughts, feelings and perceptions (internal events) and our surroundings (external stimuli) at any given moment.
Consciousness
Much of the research on factors that influence intelligence has been focused on the interaction of __________ and __________ (one of the key debates in Psychology)
Nature & Nurture
Type of mood disorder. Characterised by symptoms that fluctuate between extreme highs (mania) and lows (depression).
Bipolar Disorder
The space between neurons, across which neurotransmitters (released from axon terminal) carry messages.
Times of special sensitivity to certain environmental factors that can shape an individual’s capacity for future typical development.
Critical Periods
Hormones that impact the sleep-wake cycle. _____ levels are linked with our level of alertness while _____ causes sleepiness and is released when it is dark.
Cortisol & Melatonin
Estimates how much of the variation in intelligence within a population is due to genetic differences.
Heritability
Diagnostic handbook used to identify and classify symptoms of psychological disorders. It contains descriptions and signs (but not treatment) for diagnosing psychological disorders.
DSM-5
The four lobes of the cerebral cortex.
Frontal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Occipital Lobe
The structural and functional way the brain changes in response to stimulation from the environment.
Plasticity
The ability to attend to and perform multiple activities at the same time.
Divided Attention
Theory of intelligence by Howard Gardner. Proposed that intelligence is made up of multiple distinct types, including musical, bodily-kinaesthetic and interpersonal.
Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Type of personality disorder. Characterised by instability in emotion, mood and relationships.
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
Responsible for the coordination of speech. Damage to this area (Aphasia) results in difficulty in expressing messages in words and sentences, but comprehension is largely unaffected.
Broca's Area
The 5 stages of cognitive development (double points if in the correct order).
Proliferation, Migration, Circuit Formation, Synaptic Pruning, Myelination
The 4 different stages of sleep (bonus points if you can describe how they would occur in the first sleep cycle of the night).
4 Stages: Stage 1 NREM, Stage 2 NREM, Stage 3 NREM, REM sleep
First Sleep Cycle: Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3, Stage 2, REM
Type of intelligence from Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Ability to recognise, appreciate and dispute feelings, beliefs, and intentions of other people.
Interpersonal Intelligence
Develop as negative coping mechanisms and originate from early childhood experiences, family situations, and environmental stressors. These behaviours generally interfere with a person’s ability to function and impair their adjustment to different situations.
Maladaptive Behaviours