Laryngeal Framework
Phonation occurs in the ___, an organ that is the superior continuation of the trachea.
Larynx
Detectable physiological or structural change
Organic disorders
Explains how the VFs vibrate to produce sound.
Myoelastic-Aerodynamic Theory
This closes off nasal cavity during speech production (non-nasal sounds) and seals off the oropharynx from nasopharynx during swallow.
Velopharyngeal (Port) Seal
The following are all examples of what muscle group?
• Lateral Cricoarytenoid (LCA)
• Interarytenoids
• Posterior Cricoarytenoid (PCA)
• Cricothyroid muscle
• Thyroarytenoids
Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles
This cartilage controls the abduction and abduction of the vocal folds.
Arytenoids
Occur when there is damage to the central or peripheral nervous system
Neurologic disorders
Constriction of air through a tube causes faster airflow, but decreases pressure.
Bernoulli effect
• Origin: multiple points including the sphenoid bone & side of the posterior tongue
• Insertion: pharyngeal aponeurosis
• Innervation: CN X
• Function: constriction of pharynx; velopharyngeal seal
Superior Constrictor
• Origin: posterior cricoid lamina
• Insertion: posterior aspect of muscular process
• Innervation: RLN of X
• Function: Abduction
Posterior Cricoarytenoid (PCA)
In this region, the pressure increases until sufficient to start vocal fold vibration.
Subglottal Cavity
Arise from the way in which we use our larynx to produce voice
Functional disorders
For nasal speech sounds, the VP port is ___.
Open
• Origin: temporal bone and Eustachian tube
• Insertion: soft palate
• Innervation: CN X & XI
• Function: upward and backward motion of soft palate
Levator Veli Palatini
• Origin: superior-lateral surface of cricoid cartilage
• Insertion: muscular process of arytenoids
• Innervation: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) of Vagus (X)
• Function: VF Adduction
Lateral Cricoarytenoid (LCA)
This thyroid landmark attaches posteriorly to the cricoid cartilage.
Inferior Cornu
Inserted through the nasal cavity, over the upper surface of the velum and into the pharynx.
Flexible Laryngoscopy
The primary sound of sound generation for all speech sounds that can be said to be voiced.
Vocal Folds
• Origin: sides of the tongue
• Insertion: anterior surface of the soft palate
• Innervation: CN X
• Function: lowers and pulls soft palate forward; elevates back of tongue
Palatoglossus/Glossopalatine
This general type of extrinsic laryngeal muscle function is to elevate the larynx within the vocal tract.
Suprahyoid
This vocal fold layer is made of elastic fibers with recoil features.
Lamina Propria (middle layers) - 2) Intermediate
Inserted into the oral cavity along the surface of the tongue
Rigid Laryngoscopy
The anterior projection of the arytenoids is called the ___.
Vocal process
• Course from arytenoid base to opposite apex
• Innervation: RLN of X
• Function: Adduction - aids
in medial compression
Interarytenoids - obliques
Sensory to larynx, aryepiglottic folds, mucous membrane of epiglottis & base of tongue
Internal laryngeal nerve