Mutations
Gene Regulation
Breeding
Potpourri
100
Polyploidy instantly results in a new plant species because it
Changes a species number of chromosomes
100
Gene regulation in eukaryotes A. Usually involves operons B. Is simpler that in prokaryotes C. Allows for cell specialization D. Includes the action of an operator region
C. Allows for cell specialization
100
What is the ultimate source of genetic variability?
mutations
100
Without _______ ________,horses would not have been domesticated
Selective breeding
200
Which of the following is NOT a gene mutation? A. Inversion B. Insertion C. Deletion D. Substitution
A. Inversion
200
The lac repressor releases the operator in the presence of ______.
lactose
200
Luther Burbank produced over 800 varieties of plants by
selective breeding
200
A mutation in a series of genes called ______________ can change the organs that develop in specific parts of an embryo.
Hox genes
300
A mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides is called a
point mutation
300
What is a mutation?
A change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
300
Which of the following is most likely to bring together two recessive alleles for a genetic defect? A. Inbreeding B. Hybridization C. Genetic engineering D. Transformation
A. Inbreeding
300
A typical gene consists of regulatory sites, a _________, and the nucleotide sequence that is transcribed.
promoter
400
What is a polyploid organism?
One that has many sets of chromososmes
400
What might be the effect of a mutation in the promoter sequence of a gene?
RNA polymerase might be unable to bind to the promoter, and the gene would not be transcribed
400
To produce a fruit that has some characteristics of an orange and some of a grapefruit, you would use the selective breeding technique of ___________.
hybridization
400
Scientists use radiation and chemicals to induce __________.
mutations
500
Why would breeders want to increase a population’s mutation rate?
It would increase the chances of individuals within the population having desirable traits, which can then be selected for using breeding techniques.
500
Why are hox genes that are found in different animals very similar to each other?
The hox genes descended from the genes of common ancestors.
500
How are the selective breeding techniques of hybridization and inbreeding opposites?
In hybridization, organisms with dissimilar traits are crossed. In inbreeding, organisms with similar traits are crossed.
500
Explain an advantage and a disadvantage of inbreeding.
Advantage: it maintains desired traits within a breed. Disadvantage: it can lead to genetic defects within a breed.
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