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What were kivas and kachinas? And from what Native American tribe were these terms used.
kivas - worship houses
kachinas - ancestral spirits
Anasazi (SW)
The following characteristics apply to what regions where Native American groups lived? Was this a normal or sedentary group?
Tribes like the Sioux and Ute, hunted buffalo, atlatl and bow and arrow, lived in tepees
Great Plains and Great Basin
Nomadic Group
The following characteristics apply to what regions where Native American groups lived? Was this a nomadic or sedentary tribe?
Used three sister farming, traded with other tribes, earthen lodges near rivers
Great Plains and Great Basin
Sedentary Tribe
What were the Cahokia's mounds used for?
tombs of important leaders and religious ceremonies
Most Native American societies were matrilineal. What does that mean?
All about the mother - Children became members of mothers family, kinship with mother;s lineage
What characteristics made the Iroquois unique among Native American tribes?
The Iroquois were five Native American tribes that banded together into a permanent political confederacy. This occurred before the European colonization of North American and this allowed them to be a dominant force controlling territories in the northeastern United States of today. This unifying of these tribes that were linguistically similar was unique. Having the unity of the confederacy made them bigger than their neighboring tribes, and militarily dominant. The Iroquois were further significant in forming their own constitution later on, being involved in the Albany Congress, an anti-French coalition with the colonies and the British government before the Seven Years War.
The following characteristics apply to what region where Native American groups lived?
Permanent plank houses for several families, rich diet - fish, wild game, totem poles - kinship, utilized the resources of the ocean, salmon, mountains inhibited their trade
Northwest
The following characteristics apply to what region where Native American groups lived?
Hunter-gatherer societies, little farming, men hunted in tomols, women gathered acorns and nuts
Pacific Coast
The following characteristics apply to what regions where Native American groups lived?
Extensive trading networks, mix of hunter gatherer and agriculture - 3 sister farming, lived in long houses based on the mother's lineage, Iroquois confederation
Northeast
What was three sister farming?
The growing of squash, beans and corn together. Increased production and minimized the land needed to grow crops
The Native American Tribes had more than 400 different languages in 20 language groups. Name the three main language groups and where they were mainly located.
Algonquin - NE
Siouan - Plains
Athabaskan - SW
The following characteristics apply to what Native American groups?
Cliff dwellings, terraced irrigation to grow maize in arid environment, three sister farming, faced drought and warfare
Anasazi (SW)
The following characteristics apply to what regions where Native American groups lived? Give an example of a group that lived there, other than Adena Hopewell.
Known as the Eastern woodland, Missipian, Adena Hopewell=mound builders, permanent settlements near rivers facilitated extensive trade network, powerful chiefs, social hierarchy, most similar to the meso-american civilizations
Midwest and upper South Settlements
Cahokia
What was a contrast between the Native Americans and Europeans before contact between the two groups?
No Native Americans had certain military technologies that were common in Europe
The following characteristics apply to what regions where Native American groups lived? Name two tribes that lived there.
Descendants of the Woodland mound builders, built timber lodges along ocean or rivers which provided food sources
Atlantic Seaboard
Ex. Powhatan and Algonquin
What did the cultivation of maize result in?
What were Native-American cultures in North America like before Columbus arrived? Compare their similarities and differences to the Aztecs, Incas, and Mayans.
differences: not as advanced as Meso-American civilization, complex and populated societies had disappeared
similarities: extensive trading networks, division of labor based upon gender, most tribes lived in semi-permanent communities of several hundred people, maize and three sister farming enabled more permanent settlements
What was a cause of "wide variety of systems of social and political organization" in native american societies?
variations in the natural environment
Irrigation systems developed by Native Americans could be widely found in the...
Irrigation systems developed by Native Americans could be widely found in the arid regions of the American Southwest and Mexico. These were critical for agriculture in these regions, allowing for the cultivation of crops such as maize, beans, and squash.
The Iroquois and Mohawk tribes primarily used ___ as resources for their tools and other aspects of their daily lives.
Forests
The Iroquois and Mohawk tribes were located in present day New England all the way to the Gulf of Mexico otherwise known as the Northeast or the Eastern Woodlands. The forests allowed them to make tools not just for protection and for hunting but also to get food from there and to use the wood to make their homes and to make fires.
What were the Crow and Plains tribes like?
They did not live in permanent settlements. They were seasonally nomadic, following buffalo herds and hunting to provide for most of their basic needs.
What is a conclusion about pre-Columbian America in terms of trade?
Trade existed among Native Americans despite geographic and other barriers. This interconnectivity was especially important in the transmission of maize cultivation throughout the Americas, which in turn allowed for larger settlements and more complex social structures (such as job specialization and social hierarchy) in some places.
Large pre-columbian settlements can be attributed to which of the following developments
The spread of maize cultivation
Which of the regions of North America developed MOST similarly to the Aztecs?
The Mississippi Valley
What best accounts for differences in housing, food acquisition and permanence of settlement in North American tribes?
Proximity to Mesoamerica's maize influence and climate