Vocab
A community in which people elect their leaders
Republic
officials who consulted each other before acting on a one year term
consuls
One of Romes greatest rulers who ultimately was stabbed to death by senators
Julius Caesar
Octavian
During the Pax Romana traded with places such as China and Britian and Romans created a new calendar.
True of False
False
Group of three persons with equal power
Triumvirate
Payment for damages
indemnity
General of the Carthaginian army in Spain
Hannibal
True or False - Augustus Caesar renewed the war with Carthage
False
After the death of Theodosius, what did the Eastern part of the Roman Empire become
Byzantine Empire
Latin nobles
Patrician
Non-Civilian Law
Jus Gentium
Ruled Nothern Italy from 900 BC-500 BC whose alphabet came from Greece
Etruscans
Early Rome was divided into what two social classes?
Plebians and Patricians
The First Punic war began when Carthage attempted to seize what?
Straight of Messina
Mare Nostrum means
Our Sea
A rise in prices corresponding to a decrease in the value of money
Inflation
Scipio
The Visigoth chief who captured Rome in A.D. 410 was
Alaric
Militarty tactics by Roman generals improved by having
Smaller, more mobile division of troops
wealthy, non-aristocratic townspeople as well as landowners
Plebians
The plebians chosen representatives
tribunes
A wealthy Etruscan family who ruled over the Romans during 620 BC
Tarquins
What did Julius Caesar do that started a civil war
Crossed the Rubicon river
Daily Double!
Summarize the Punic Wars -
First Punic War (264–241 BCE): The conflict started over control of Sicily. Rome and Carthage both wanted to dominate the island, which was strategically important for trade and military advantage. The war was mainly fought at sea, with Rome gradually building a strong naval force. After a prolonged struggle, Rome emerged victorious, forcing Carthage to cede Sicily and pay a large indemnity.
Second Punic War (218–201 BCE): This is the most famous of the Punic Wars, largely due to the Carthaginian general Hannibal. He famously crossed the Alps with his army, including war elephants, and won several significant battles against Rome, such as at Cannae. However, Rome eventually turned the tide under generals like Scipio Africanus. The war ended with the Roman victory at the Battle of Zama in 202 BCE, forcing Carthage to surrender large parts of its territory, disarm, and pay reparations.
Third Punic War (149–146 BCE): The third and final war was a result of Rome's fear of Carthage’s potential resurgence. Despite being weakened, Carthage still existed as a significant power. Rome, led by Scipio Aemilianus, laid siege to the city of Carthage for three years. In 146 BCE, Carthage was completely destroyed, its inhabitants killed or sold into slavery, and the territory was made a Roman province, Africa.