Origins
What is sociology?
the scientific study of society and human behavior
Who was credited as the founder of Sociology?
Auguste Comte
the term for the struggle between capitalists and workers
class conflict
physics, chemistry, astronomy and biology are all
natural sciences
sociology, psychology, economics, political science are all
social sciences
What is the scientific method?
the use of objective, systematic observations to test theories
This sociologist is sometimes called the second founder of sociology and disagreed with Comte and focused on social darwinism
Herbert Spencer
the degree to which members of a group or a society feel united by shared values and other social bonds
social integration
things that "everyone knows" are true, obvious, not sociology
common sense
the application of systematic methods to obtain knowledge and the knowledge obtained by those methods
science
__________________ was credited to be developed by Karl Marx
Conflict Theory
Who focused on Class Conflict?
Karl Marx
the idea that societies most capable members survive while the less capable die out
survival of the fittest
the study of human behavior and societies
who coined the term?
sociology
Comte
a German word used by Weber meaning "to understand" or "to grasp by insight"
Verstehen
What is a society?
people who share a culture and a territory
the application of the scientific approach to the social world that focuses on using scientific evidence, Comte
Positivism
What are the two purposes of social research?
1. to understand human behavior
2. to investigate harmful social arrangements
the meanings that people give their own behavior
subjective meanings
doing a study over and over again in order to test its findings
repetition
What are the three sociological perspectives in sociology?
1. Symbolic Interactionism
2. Functionalism
3. Class Conflict
________________ goals were to get sociology recognized as a separate academic discipline and to show how social forces affect behavior
Durkheim
What are the two main uses of sociological research?
1. can be used by anyone for any purpose (research just to know, others can use)
2. should be used to improve society
understanding human behavior by placing it within its broader social context
sociological perspective
define the three sociological theories
symbolic interactionism
functionalism:
conflict theory