1.3 and 1.4 Vocabulary

Anatomy of The Ear

200

Inner Ear

1. an essential part of the vertebrate organ of hearing and equilibrium that includes the vestibule,the semicircular canals, and the cochlea. 
2. 
   

300

Middle Ear

1. The intermediate portion of the ear containing a chain of three ossicles that extends from the tympanic membrane to the oval window and transmits vibrations to the inner ear.

400

Outer Ear

1. The outer visible portion of the ear that collects and directs sound waves toward the tympanic membrane by way of a canal which extends inward through the temporal bone

Hearing Concepts

100

Sound

• Mechanical energy that is transmitted by longitudinal pressure waves in a medium (such as water or air).

200

Conductive Hearing Loss

1. Hearing loss or impairment resulting from interference with the transmission of sound waves to the cochlea.

300

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

1. Hearing loss or impairment resulting from problems with the auditory nerves.

Medical Interventions for Hearing

100

Audiogram

1. A graphic representation of the relation of vibration frequency and the minimum sound intensity for hearing

200

Cochlear Implant

1. An electrical prosthetic device that enables individuals with sensorineural hearing loss to recognize some sounds and that consists of an external microphone and speech processor that receive and convert sound waves into electrical signals which are transmitted to one or more electrodes implanted in the cochlea where they stimulate the auditory nerve.

300

Types of Surgery

Stapedectomy and Tympanoplasty

Epidemiology

100

Epidemiology 

1. A branch of medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population.

200

Epidemic

1. Affecting an atypically large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time

300

Cohort Study

1. A type of epidemiologic study where a group of exposed individuals (individuals who have been exposed to the potential risk factor) and a group of non-exposed individuals are followed over time to determine the incidence of disease.

400

Case Control Study

1. A type of epidemiologic study where a group of individuals with the diseases, referred to as cases, are compared to individuals without the disease, referred to as controls

Knowledge of an Epidemiologist

100

Vaccine

1.  A harmless variant of a pathogen that stimulates a host’s immune system to mount defenses against the pathogen

200

Vaccination

1. A procedure that presents the immune system with a harmless variant of a pathogen, thereby stimulating the immune system to mount a long-term defense against the pathogen.

300

Recombinant DNA

A DNA molecule made in vitro with segments from different sources

400

Plasmid

1.  A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome.

500

restrictive enzyme

1.  A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA