Government
Why did Plymouth colonists sign the Mayflower Compact in 1620?
To bring peace between the Pilgrims and Strangers, and so the colony would work together, be successful, and vote for their own laws and leaders.
What were the major industries in the New England colonies?
Fishing, fur, lumber, shipbuilding, livestock
What were the major industries in the Middle colonies?
Grain (wheat, corn), livestock, iron, fur
What were the major industries in the Southern colonies?
Cash crops: tobacco, rice, indigo and cotton.
Which colony was founded in 1607 and was successful because of its rich soil, wildlife, and forests?
Jamestown, Virginia
What was the Virginia House of Burgesses?
The first representative government in the English colonies
List the New England colonies
Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire
List the Middle colonies
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
Who helped the Jamestown settlers survive?
Pocahontas and the Powhatan Indians. John Rolfe who grew tobacco in the colony.
Why did James Oglethorpe found Georgia?
As a refuge for the poor and debtors in England.
What was important about the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
It was the first written constitution in America
Describe the climate and geography in New England
Cold and rainy. Rocky hills and mountains. Forest. Natural harbors. Abundant wildlife and fish.
Describe the climate and geography of the Middle colonies
Cool and humid. Coastal plains and mountains. Two major ports in New York and New Jersey. Forests. Lots of fish and animals.
What led to the development of plantations in the South?
The warm climate and rich soil allowed planters to grow cash crops
Who founded Maryland and for what reason?
Cecil Calvert (Lord Baltimore) for religious freedom for Catholics.
What was the Act of Toleration?
A law in Maryland that granted religious freedom for all settlers.
Why did Pilgrims leave England to form Plymouth colony?
For religious freedom and to escape persecution in England. (They were Puritans and did not agree with the Anglican church).
What are 3 ideals that Quakers believed in?
Equality: They refused to bow to anyone or take off their hats because they believed all people were equal.
Peace: They refused to go to war.
Tolerance: all people regardless of culture or religion should be accepted.
List the Southern colonies
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
Who founded Rhode Island and for what reason?
Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson to escape religious persecution by Puritans in Massachusetts.
Which 4 colonies were formed to allow religious freedom?
Maryland, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, and Rhode Island.
Would farming be easier in the Middle Colonies than in New England? Why or why not?
Middle Colonies. It is too cold and rocky in New England. Middle Colonies have mild temperature and flat coastal plains.
How did New York become an English colony?
It was originally controlled by the Dutch and called New Amsterdam. The Duke of York came with a fleet of ships and took it over for England.
Describe the climate and geography of the Southern colonies
Warm and humid. Rich soil. Wide coastal plains with mountains to the west. Many natural harbors. Forest. Abundant wildlife and fish.
Who founded Pennsylvania and for what reason?
William Penn for religious freedom for Quakers.