Vocabulary
What is colonization?
When a stronger country takes political control over a weaker country or territory
What three countries were the main colonizers?
France, Britain, and Spain
The ___________ left England on a ship called the Mayflower, and created a colony called Plymouth.
Pilgrims
The _________ settled the Middle Colonies seeking religious freedom from England, as well as peace and equality.
Quakers
Southern cash crops led to the creation of huge ___________ farms that were worked by African slaves and indentured servants.
plantations
What are the 13 colonies?
The original British colonies in present-day United States
The British colonies along the eastern coast of the United States were known as _____________.
The Thirteen Colonies
Two characteristics of the New England economy were:
traded fish and shipbuilding
William ______ settled the largest Middle Colony- Pennsylvania
Penn
Two characteristics of Southern Colonies geography were:
rich soil for farming, flat land
What is the Middle Passage?
A voyage across the Atlantic Ocean where slaves were often transported
The major cash crops of the Thirteen Colonies were ________, _________, and _______.
Wheat, cotton, and tobacco
Two characteristics of New Englands culture was
The Middle Colonies were nicknamed the _______________ because of their wheat and grain production.
Breadbasket
104 Englishmen successfully settled ___________, Virginia making it the first permanent settlement in the 13 colonies.
Jamestown
Indentured Servant
A person who works to pay off debt or as a punishment
The __________ exchange was an effort by Europeans to transfer food, livestock, ideas, and people to and from the colonies
Columbian
Two characteristics of New Englands geography were:
jagged coastline and rocky soil
The Middle Colonies became the most advanced region of the 13 colonies because of:
the natural resources and profitable businesses/trading
John _________ was elected to govern Jamestown.
Smith
What is a Cash Crop? What are two examples?
Crops that are grown for the purpose of trading to make money
Tobacco, Indigo, Cotton
One positive result of the Columbian Exchange was the spread of __________. One negative result was the spread of ___________.
Cattle and horses
Disease
The Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded in 1630 with the help of Puritan leader ___J________ _W_________
John Winthrop
very accepting of cultures and religions
education & hardwork were important
A Powhatan girl named ________________ became famous after saving John Smith's life and strengthening the relationship between the British settlers and the Powhatan.
Pocahontas