Chapter 6
Intercellular Junctions that prevent leakage
What are tight junctions?
Bulk transport of things out of a cell
What is exocytosis?
Release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds
What is Catabolic pathway?
Loss of electrons
What is Oxidation?
Site of Photosynthesis in plants
What is Chloroplast?
The thickest type of cytoskeleton that contorls cell mobility
What are microtubules?
Proteins that penetrates the lipid bilayer of a membrane
What are Integral Proteins?
-Energy transfer or transformation increases disorder of the Universe
- The Universe is naturally moving to disorder
What is the 2nd law of thermodynamics?
uses O2 and organic molecules to make ATP
What is cellular respiration?
What is 680nm?
-enveloped by double membrane
-contains free ribosomes & circular DNA
-can grow and reproduce somewhat independently in the cell
What is evidence that supports the endosymbiotic theory?
Lysed (Animal cells) and Turgid (Plant cells)
What is Hypotonic?
Free energy equation
What is delta G = delta H - T delta S ?
Breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate
What is Glycolysis?
the 2 accessory pigments in cloroplast
What are Chlorophyll b and Carotenoids?
Part of the cell that Modifies, stores & sends products of the Endoplasmic reticulum
What is the Golgi apparatus?
Membrane protiens that hook cells together
What are Intercellular Joining proteins?
- Binds to another part of the enzyme and changes the shape of the enzyme
- makes the active site less effective
What is noncompetitive inhibition?
Generates 90% of a cell's ATP
What is Oxidative Phosphorylation (specifically Chemiosmosis)?
first to demonstate the action spectrum of photosynthesis by exposing different segments of filamentous alga to different wavelengths of light
What (who) is Engelmann?
The 2 parts of the cell that detoxes alcohol and bad compounds
What are Peroxisomes and the Smooth ER?
allow water to diffuse down the concentration gradient without energy
What are aquaporins?
-substrate binds to active site and increase activity in another site
What is Cooperactivity?
Products of Oxidation of Pyruvate per 1 glucose molecule
What is 2 CO2, 2 NADH, and 2 Acetyl CoA?
- only uses PS 1
- excited electrons go to electron carrier
- carrier dumps electrons back into first ETC
-produces ATP
What is the Cyclic Electron Flow?