Roots
Stems
Leaves
Classification
Challenge...
100
What are the two major types of root systems?
Taproot (thick root with smaller bilateral branching roots, ie. carrots) and Fibrous (smaller branching roots, ie. scallions).
100
What are two characteristics about herbaceous stems?
They contain chloroplasts for the plant and perform photosynthesis.
100
What is the main function of a leaf for a plant organism?
Leaves are intended to convert sunlight into chemcial energy / food through photosynthesis.
100
What does ‘cotyledon’ mean in terms of classifying plants?
Cotyledon = the number of seed leaves a plant possesses. They are also a food source for plants because they are capable of photosynthesis.
100
What features of monocytes have led to the understanding that they are variations of dicots?
Their venation (arrangement of veins in a leaf) and number of cotyledons.
200
What is a root cap and what is it used for?
Root cap: a protective covering of the tip of a root
It is meant to shield the ends of a root from external damage that would prevent water/nutrient absorption.
200
What does it mean for a stem to be a perennial, and which category of stems are?
'Hard and Rigid' Stems are perennials, meaning they live for longer than two growing periods.
200
_______ in the leaves of a plant conduct water, ________ _________, and dissolved ________ that are made during photosynthesis from the ____ to the rest of the plant.
1) Veins
2) dissolved
3) minerals
4) carbohydrates
5) leaf
200
Its root system is typically fibrous, flowers have three parts or multiples of three, and examples can include lilies, onions, and grasses. Name the classified plant group.
Monocots. The listed traits are characteristics of said group.
200
How do plants and their roots protect their surrounding environment?
Plant roots are responsible for shaping and maintaining the soil they are buried in. This results in a carbon-based ecosystem that can house numerous other organisms.
300
What is the purpose of the modified root?
Some roots can be modified in nature to help provide extra support for a plant or to store more food and water. For example, in dry regions, some plants may create large water-storage roots to ensure survival.
300
Name two of the three features of a stem mentioned in the ‘Stem Structure and Function’ section of the infographic.
All Possible Answers:
- The stem provides support for leaves and reproductive structures
- As plants grow, the diameter of the stem will increase
- The age of a tree can be estimated by counting the annual rings within the base of the trunk
300
What are the two factors that can be used to identify leaves? Explain with some detail.
Venation = The patterns of veins on a leaf (ie. irises have parallel venation).
Palmate/Pinnate = Palmate leaves have veins that branch off from a common point. Pinnate leaves have veins that branch off along the central vein
300
______ are commonly thought of as simpler than _______, even though the first angiosperm seeds were actually ____.
Monocots, dicots, dicots.
**Fun fact, monocots are one of several early branches from the dicot evolutionary tree.
300
Years of research led to a deep understanding of plant infrastructure, growth patterns, survival systems, and so on. What relevance do these topics have to society?
(Hint: What benefits do we reap?)
The grasp of plant systems and development methods will allow farmers to produce more crops and to do it more efficiently, resulting in less effort for a steady supply of resources. These resources can now be distributed to different communities across Canada, helping to provide for all.
400
Where is the Casparian Strip located, and how thick is it?
The Strip is one cell thick to allow for the direction of absorbed resources / materials.
It is located between the vascular tissue and the cortex of the plant system.
400
Some perennial plants have a pattern of growth rings that are visible when cut down (ie. inside trees). Explain why such a trait occurs.
New vascular tissue is developed by such plants each year, which eventually can be visually discerned in a pattern of annual rings that become clear in their xylem tissue.
400
What is the third layer of a leaf and its objective within the plant?
Palisade Mesophyll = Most photosynthesis takes place here since its location and shape allows for maximum light exposure.
(The picture that labels area of palisade mesophyll is on the infographic under the 'Leaves' section).
400
How does the vascular tissue of a monocot differ from that of a dicot? Provide some detail.
Monocots’ are arranged in a ring in the roots, but scattered in the ground tissues of the stem. Dicots’ are arranged in a star shape in the roots, but have distinct rings in the stem. The main difference is in the physical form of the rings and their placement.
400
What benefits do vascular plants have, specifically, in the rising climate crisis?
The vascular plants of the world help to counteract the constant CO2 emissions of the world. Amid the increasing CO2 levels, vascular plants are able to increase the allocation of carbon to the root. Many plants are essential to help maintain a liveable and breathable atmosphere (for both humans and other organisms).
500
What are the two vascular tissues of the endodermis and how might they differ in various situations?
Xylem + Phloem.
The placement of the tissues may vary depending on whether the plant is a monocot or dicot (two named groups of flowering plants based on the number of their seed leaves).
500
What are the five types of stems listed in the infographic and their characteristics?
Tuber Stems = has buds extending from the stem
Bulb Stems = Shortened, compressed stems surrounded by fleshy leaves
Crocuses and Gladiolas = form corms composed of stem tissue
Stolon Stems = horizontal that grow along the surface of soil
Rhizome Stems = Horizontal stems that grow underground
500
Growth patterns and the arrangement of the leaves on the stem are another way to identify plant patterns. Explain how to use this recognition tool.
When two leaves attached at the stem are opposite of each other and at the same level, leaf growth is opposite. Alternative growth is when the leaves are arranged in a staircase-like pattern on each side of the stem where each leaf is at a different level. Whorled arrangements have three or more leaves evenly spaced around the stem at the same level.
500
Name two characteristics of monocots and two of dicots that have not previously been mentioned.
Monocots = Their vascular tissues run the length of leaves and are parallel to each other. They have one embryonic seed leaf.
Dicots = Their flowers have four to five parts, or are in multiples of 4-5. They have two embryonic seed leaves.
500
Name a plant.
Literally any of them 🙂
(Trick situation).