Earth's Interior
Convection and the Mantle
Continental Drift and Sea Floor Spreading
Plate Tectonics Theory - I
Plate Tectonics Theory - II
100
Physical layer made partly of crust and partly of mantle material
What is the lithosphere?
100

This layer of soft rock is plastic-like and flows slowly in convection current cycles, moving Earth's tectonic plates.

What is the asthenosphere?

100
fossils, climate change, rock and landforms, and puzzle-like shape of the continents
What is evidence supporting the theory that the continents have drifted/moved over time?
100
This landform is created when two pieces of continental crust collide at a convergent boundary. Give a geographic example.
What are folded mountains? Himalayan Mountains
100
the boundary where plates pull apart and give a geographic location
What is a divergent plate boundary? geographic location: Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Great Rift Valley of Africa, Iceland
200
What are the three compositional layers of Earth's interior?
Core, mantle, crust
200
This is the process where heated material becomes less dense and rises, then cools, becoming more dense and sinking. When it reaches the heat source again, the cycle continues.
What is convection?
200
erupts at mid-ocean ridges
What is molten material from the mantle? OR What is new seafloor?
200
The reason that Alfred Wegner's theory of continental drift was not accepted.
What is he couldn't identify the force/reason for continents to move?
200
The boundary where plates collide together.
What is a convergent plate boundary?
300
Of the two types of crust -- oceanic and continental -- this one is the thickest.
What is continental crust?
300

The 5 physical layers of the mantle

lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

300
the process where the seafloor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and into the mantle
What is subduction?
300
What do you call the process that constantly adds new crust to the ocean floor along both sides of the mid-ocean ridge?
sea-floor spreading
300

crust is neither created nor destroyed at this plate boundary; give a geographic location of this boundary.

What is a transform boundary? San Andreas Fault, California

400
1) Which rock makes up most of the ocean floors? 

2) Which rock makes up most of the continents?

1) basalt 

2) granite

400
The compositional layer that is the heat source for convection currents.
What is the core?
400
Which is younger -- oceanic or continental crust?
What is oceanic crust?
400
1. What type of plate boundary runs through Iceland? 2. What two plates meet in Iceland?
1. divergent 2. North American and Eurasian plates
400
When 2 plates collide, what physical property determines which plate will come out on top and why?
Density is the property that determines which plate comes out on top; the least dense crust will come out on top.
500
made of liquid iron and nickel, and moves to produce 

Earth's magnetic field

What is the outer core?
500

The lithosphere is broken into 12-15 of these major pieces that move on the asthenosphere due to convection currents.

What are tectonic plates?

500
a valley created at a divergent boundary
What is a rift valley?
500
True or False: Mid-ocean ridges are found in all of Earth's oceans.
True
500
On which plate is the United States located?
The North American plate
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