Vocabulary
A tax paid to the church. 1/10 of a family's yearly income.
What is the tithe?
A form of government in which religious leaders control the government, and laws are based on religious doctrine. In this system, political authority is derived from a divine or religious source, blending spiritual and political power, which differs from governments based on popular consent or hereditary rule.
What is a theocracy?
Who are the Cahokia (which were part of the Mississippian) people?
Subject (someone) to hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of their ethnicity, religion, or sexual orientation or their political belief.
What is to persecute?
(Great Charter), England, King John was forced to sign it in 1215 by English nobles. It was one of the first documents/laws to limit the power of a king toward his nobility (it did not protect commoners).
What is the Magna Carta?
Common, present everywhere, accepted practices or behaviors. For example, in the middle ages, it was common for Christians to falsely understand the story of Jesus' crucifixion, and people widely blamed Jews.
What is ubiquitous?
An ancient record keeper; before the invention of printing. In Europe during this period, these people were typically monks in monasteries, recopying the Bible.
What are scribes?
Who are the Mexica?
A privileged social class with hereditary titles and privileges, holding significant political, military, and economic power below royalty. Members often owned large estates and enjoyed special rights, such as paying fewer taxes, and played key roles in governance, military leadership, and cultural patronage, though their specific influence and power varied greatly across time and place. At times these titles could be bought from royal leaders.
What is nobility aka nobles?
In the feudal system, a peasant that was legally bound to the land of the lord.
What is a serf?
A payment of goods, labor, or resources from a subordinate state or group to a dominant power, typically to acknowledge submission to a higher state/authority. The Aztecs and Chinese were experts in demanding this.
What is tribute?
Founders of the Seljuk Empire in 11th-12th century, became Muslim (were originally pastoral people) challenging the Abbasids and Byzantine Empires in Anatolia, Southeastern Europe, Persia and the Levant.
Who were the Seljuk Turks?
Civilization that thrived in western South America, in the Andes Mountains. They had an organized bureaucracy, terrace farming, an extensive road system, and suspension bridges. Macha Picchu!!!
Who were the Incan Empire?
The office of the Pope, the head of the Roman Catholic Church, which became a major political and spiritual force in medieval Europe. Key concepts are power struggles with who is the rightful pope as well as with kings. Forms are papal, pope, Papal States, RCC, Latin - mass and Bible, $$$, land, power, provided stability - hospitals, universities, orphanages, shelters , libraries , farms and food (agriculture)
What is the papacy?
The culture of the Scandinavian people from the late 8th to 11th centuries. (Present day Norway, Sweden, Denmark).
Who were the Vikings?
The action or process of inheriting a title, office, property, etc. This often posed an issue when a leader would die.
What is succession?
The quality of being religious.
What is pious or piety?
This civilization located in present day southern Mexico, Honduras and Guatemala built pyramids, came up with the concept of 0, had a written language..
Who were the Mayans?
People who are followers of the RCC, but are not in the clergy.
Who are laity or lay people?
The native language or dialect spoken by ordinary people in a specific region, in contrast to formal or literary languages like Latin.
What is the vernacular?
An idiom that refers to an important event that changes the direction of history.
What is a watershed moment?
The right of succession belonging to the firstborn child, especially the feudal rule by which the whole real estate of an intestate passed to the eldest son.
What is primogeniture?
Two staple crops of the Americas that also demonstrate their agricultural capabilities, further disproving many myths about native peoples of the Americas.
What are maize (corn) and potatoes?
The Bible was only written in this language in the RCC in the medieval period, and mass was also spoken in this language, which was not the everyday vernacular of the people.
What is Latin?
Massacres of Jewish populations in Europe in the middle ages and periodically until the late 19th century.
What are pogroms?
Experienced and sophisticated. Also, of or concerned with material values or ordinary life rather than a spiritual existence.
What is worldly?
A word that expresses disapproval or dislike; an insulting term for someone or something.
What is pejorative?
In many indigenous civilizations in the Americas, a family's bloodline followed the mother's side, therefore it can be described as this.
What is matrilineal?
Loose-knit confederation of hundreds of smaller kingdoms, generally German speaking, in central Europe circa 1200s-1600s.
What is the "Holy Roman Empire"?
Europe, at this time, is described as this, due to the fact that the vast majority of the population were Roman Catholic in the central and western regions, and Eastern Orthodox in the east and southeastern regions.
What is Christendom?