Vitamins
Minerals
Hydration
Ergogenic Aids
Final Jeopardy
100

Which vitamin plays a role in converting FAD to FADH2 and has a low risk of toxicity? 

B2/Riboflavin 

100

What type of iron is found in plant sources and what can be consumed to help increased the bioavailability of this type of iron?

Nonheme iron/vitamin C

100

What percent of your bodyweight is "water"? (Give a range)

55-65%

100

Name two types of anabolic agents.

Anabolic steroids

Prohormones

Hormone releasers


200

Which vitamin plays a role in energy production and mitochondrial metabolism and has an upper limit of 35mg/day? 

B3/Niacin

200

Which mineral plays a function of having a component of ATP and creatine phosphate?

Phosphorus 

200

For every pound lost during exercise, how much fluid should be consumed to accelerate recovery? (Give a range)

16-24 oz

200

Which popular supplement functions as a vasodilator and helps to improve the "pump" (increases in blood flow to muscles)?

Nitric Oxide (NO)

300

Which vitamin plays an important role in blood clotting and optimizing bone health?

Vitamin K

Prothrombin (inactive) → Thrombin (active) → Fibrinogen (soluble protein) → Fibrin (insoluble)

300

Deficiencies in what two vitamins/minerals lead to microcytic/hypochromic anemia (decreased formation of hemoglobin ring or lack of RBCs)?

Iron and B6

300

Name 2 metrics any athlete can use to monitor hydration status.

Monitor daily bodyweight

Pre- and post- practice weight

Urine color

Urine volume

300

Why was glycerol put on the banned supplement list and now heavily regulated? 

Consumption leads to increases in blood plasma levels, which may mask or hide other banned substances in the blood
400

A deficiency in B12 and what other vitamin will lead to megaloblastic anemia (large red blood cells)?

Folate (neural tube defects)

400

During calcium homeostasis, what must be released in the blood to maintain adequate levels of calcium in the bloodstream? 

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

400

To maintain proper hydration during exercise, how much fluids should be consumed approximately 4 hours prior to activity?

400-600mL or 5-7mL/kg of BW

400

Which fat reducer on the banned list causes significant increases in testosterone levels, which leads to large increases in muscle mass? Significant risk of heart disease is also observed while consuming this supplement. 

DHEA

500

Which vitamin gets converted into calcitriol before being absorbed, and where does the conversion occur?

Vitamin D/kidneys and liver

500

What are the carrier proteins that carry zinc to different parts of the body?

Albumin and transferrin

500

In electrolyte balance, which electrolytes are found outside the cell and which are inside?

Outside: sodium, chloride, and calcium

Inside: Potassium, magnesium, phosphate, and sulfate

500

Which popular endurance enhancer plays a role in decreasing neuromuscular fatigue and stimulating a buffering agent while exercising? And name the buffering agent.

Beta-alanine; Carnosine 

500

Hydration:

Explain why training at high altitudes can lead to rapid rates of dehydration. Must include 3 factors contributing to the dehydration 

Temperatures become colder, and colder air generally = dry air; Less pressure driving O2 into the blood; Leads to an increased breathing rate; Increase in cold air volume through lungs; Greater rates of water loss for humidification (insensible water loss); Increased sweat rates?

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