Types of Psychologists
Assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders. Can also conduct research on people with mental disorders.
Clinical Psychologist
"A lot of people I know believe in Astrology, so there's got to be something to it."
Bandwagon fallacy
Patients are given medication that does not actually have a specific treatment (e.g., sugar pills), but the patients believe that they are effected and treated by these pills.
Ruling out rival hypotheses
There is no relationships between number of tattoos and test scores.
Zero correlation
Back part of cerebral cortex that is responsible for vision.
Examines physiological factors of human behavior. Always works in a research setting.
Biological Psychologist
"My Psychology professor keeps talking about how the scientific method is important for overcoming biases. But these biases don't apply to me because I am objective."
Not me fallacy
A news article highlights a study showing that people who practice meditation score 50 points higher on an IQ test compared to people who don't meditate. No other study can duplicate these results.
Replicability
People who spend more hours studying get higher scores on exams.
Positive correlation
Specialized area of the brain for speech production.
Broca's area
Studies how and why people change over time. Conducts research on infants, children, adolescents, and some times adults.
Developmental Psychologist
"Evolutionary psychologists say that sexual infidelity is a product of natural selection. Therefore sexual infidelity is ethically justifiable."
Naturalistic fallacy
A researcher finds that people eat more ice cream on days when a lot of crime is committed. The researcher concludes that more ice cream consumption causes higher crime.
Correlation vs. causation
A students with many absences gets lower scores on exams.
Negative correlation
Amygdala
Works in prisons, jails, and other settings to help inmates with their rehabilitation and treatment.
Forensic Psychologist
"The idea that daycare can have negative emotional affects on children makes me upset, so I refuse to believe it."
Emotional-reasoning fallacy
One website claims that Bigfoot has been living in the Northeast of the U.S. for decades without researchers knowing.
Extraordinary claim
People who experience more trauma throughout childhood are more likely to have depression.
Positive correlation
If this part of the brain is damaged, you will be unable to form new memories.
Hippocampus
Uses research methods to study memory, language, thinking, and social behaviors of humans.
Experimental Psychologist
"No one has ever proven that UFOs haven’t visited earth yet, so I believe that they have."
Appeal to ignorance fallacy
A bright light flashes through your curtains. You think it might be a UFO, but it is more likely that the light you saw is lightning from a nearby storm.
Occam's Razor
The more alcohol one consumes, the less judgmental they are.
Negative correlation
Area of the brain responsible for speech comprehension.
Wernicke's area