Volcanoes
All volcanoes are formed on a tectonic plate boundary. True or False
False
What is a focus?
A place within Earth along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs.
What causes faults to form?
What is the path of volcanos around the Earth called?
The ring of fire
How many levels are on the intensity scale?
12
What is the difference between lava and magma?
lava- reached Earth's surface
Magma- Under Earths surface
Each year there are approximately how many earthquakes around the world?
500,000
What are seismic waves?
Vibrations that cause different types of ground motion
What is a mass damper?
A weight at the top and bottom of a building to help the building survive an earthquake.
What buildings are stronger during earthquakes? Older or Newer
Newer
What are the three types of volcanoes?
* Shield volcanoes
* Cinder Cones
* Composite volcanoes
Deformation- rock becomes deformed due to stress
Elastic rebound- The return of rock to its original shape
What are the two kinds of seismic waves?
Body waves
Surface waves
What is the name of the process used to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
Triangulation
What two scales can be used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake?
Richter scale
Moment magnitude scale
What is the difference between a crater and a caldera?
Crater- opening or depression at the top of a volcano caused by an eruption
Caldera- A huge depression from the roof collapsing
What is the difference between Primary waves and Secondary waves? (both body waves)
P- first seismic waves to be detected - can travel through solids and liquids
S- Move rock from side to side - can travel through only solids
What is the difference between magnitude and intensity?
Magnitude- the energy/how strong
Intensity- How much damage
How do composite volcanos get a layered interior?
Cycles of lava flows cause the layers
What is the difference between the explosions and the lava viscosity at divergent and convergent boundaries?
Divergent - Mild eruptions, low lava viscosity
Convergent- Explosive eruptions, high lava viscosity
At divergent boundaries, earthquakes are common along __________ faults.
At convergent boundaries, earthquakes are common along __________ faults.
At transform boundaries, earthquakes are common along __________ faults.
Divergent- Normal
Convergent- Reverse
Transform- Strike-slip
How do earthquakes happen? Explain.
Can they be prevented? Explain.
Tectonic plates are being forced to stop.
No
_____ are the slowest type of wave
_____ are the second-fastest type of wave
_____ are the fastest type of wave
Surface
Secondary
Primary
Where are MOST earthquakes located?
Japan