Layers of the earth + atmosphere
What are the layers of the earth? (in order)
Inner core, outer core, lower mantle, upper mantle, and crust
The first horizon/foundation of soil is called?
Parent material
What temperature of the water is most prominent during an El Niño year?
Warm water
What is the driving force behind global wind patterns?
Solar radiation
What is parent material?
Parent material is the original rocks that break down to form the basis of soil
What are the layers of the atmosphere in order?
Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere
What are the three textures of soil?
silt, clay, and sand
What temperature of the water is most prominent during a La Niña year?
Cool water
What is the International Convergence Zone?
An unfix latitude near the Equator receives the most sunlight
What three factors impact the formation of soil?
Time, climate, biological factors
What is the coldest layer of the atmosphere where meteors burn up?
Mesosphere
What are the three physical properties of soil?
Texture, permeability, chemical/biological
Which direction do the trade winds blow during an El Niño year?
Westward
What are the three convection cells and their degree boundaries?
Hadley (0°-30°), Ferrell (30°-60°) and Polar (60°-90°)
What are the three types of rocks?
Sedimentary, Metamorphic, and Igneous
What is a characteristic of the Stratosphere?
Location of the (good) Ozone layer
The O horizon is also known as the “ “ layer, containing what?
Litter layer
Decomposing organisms
What is upwelling?
Rising of cool sea water
What is the Coriolis effect?
How wind is deflected due to the direction of Earth’s rotation. Earth rotates in a counterclockwise direction in the Northern hemisphere. In the Southern hemisphere, the Earth rotates clockwise
What is a process that can lead to soil erosion?
Watersheds
What are three characteristics of the Troposphere?
(Choose a combination) Location of most water vapor, densest layer, where the weather takes place, where clouds are generated, where bad ozone is located
What are three benefits that soil provides the environment?
(Answers may vary) - Filters water, breaks down organic material and recycles nutrients, habitat for organisms, medium for plant growth
What is the name of the layer of water where warm and cool water mix?
Thermocline
What is adiabatic cooling/heating?
Adiabatic cooling is the cooling effect that takes place when air rises and expands in the atmosphere. Adiabatic heating is the heating effect of increased pressure on air as it moves towards the Earth
How does weathering impact soil formation?
Weathering breaks down parent material rocks that is the basis of the soil