sadir
Reign of Marathas duration in Tanjavur
1674 - 1854 AD
Who was invited in 18th century to Tanjavur by the King?
Mahadeva Annavi, a famous nattuvanar, who brought two disciples to perform while he played the nattuvanga.
What is the name of the temple in historical landmark of Bharatanatyam?
Brihadeeshwara of Tanjavur, built during the rule of Cholas and by Raja Raja Chola the Great in 11th century AD.
What did the British Government do during the 1930s?
The British Government tabooed dance in temples because it lost its sanctity and sacredness of worship.
Who played a major + important role in the cultural domain that prevailed in the 1920s and 30s?
Shri E Krishna Iyer, a middle class Brahmin and lawyer by profession. He involves when he joined the theatrical company Suguna Vilasa Sabha and learns Sadir and its greatness.
Dance was called __ by Marathas
Sadir Nautch, Sadir means "to present" in Marathi
Who came to Tanjavur after Mahadeva Annavi?
What is in the Tanjavur Temple?
In the Brihadeeshwara temple, the earliest depections of dance technique of Natya Shastra in sculptures, along with text verses carved in stone.
In the main sanctum, there are a series of panels carved depicting Lord Shiva performing the karanas of Natya Shastra.
What happened to the art/dance form?
Art form lost its significance because Indians working under British heads started to disrespect and disown the Indian culture to impress the british. During early 20th century, the dance form almost lost its identity and reputation.
What did this guy ^ do to remove the bad reputation of Sadir?
He was worried about the fate of dance. He brings out the beauty of Sadir by wearing female attire and giving lecture-demonstrations + solos. As the Music Academy's secretary.
Who can trace their origin in this era?
Devadasis, Nadaswara Vidwans, Gurushishya Parampara of Nattuvanars
Who were the sons of Subbaraya Natuvanar?
Chinaiah, Ponnaiah, Shivanandam, and Vadivelu, also known as the Tanjore Quartette, who were court musicians and dancers.
During what period did music and dance flourish?
Pallavas and Cholas 4th-12th century AD.
Nurtured by Pandya, Nayaka, and Pallavas until the 19th century.
What did the artists do and what happened to Devadasis?
The artistes migrated, looking for new patrons. Rich people replaced kings and feudal lords were patrons of the art form. The reputations of Devadasis started detoriating slowly.
Who joined this guy's struggle for the perseverence of this dance form?
Smt. Rukmini Devi Arundale takes up the study of Bharatanatyam after watching E. Krishna Iyer. Together they fight and glorify Sadir by changing the name of it to Bharatanatyam in 1932 meeting of the Music Academy.
What literary work has direct link to modern Bharatanatya?
Sangitha Saramritha by King Tulaja I (1728 - 1736)
In whose court were Subbaraya's sons famous?
King Raja Serfoji, 1798-1832 AD
Who were the Devadasis?
They are accomplished gworls in music and dance and could perfectly interpret religious texts, sing, dance, and play many instruments. They offered performances as prayers to their deity. Dance was offered as Upachara or ritual, and performed at temple-related processions.
Who ended the Devadasi system and what happened to the community?
In 1920, Muthulakshmi Reddy pilots a bill to end the Devadasi system. The entire community moves out of the art for survival.
What was founded by her?
Smt. Rukmini Devi Arundale founded the International Academy of ARts (known as Kalakshetra in 1936) to bring awareness about Bharatanatyam to the entire world.
Which period marks the most significant landmark in the history of Carnatic music?
King Tulaja II (1763-1787), era of Tyagaraja, Muthuswami Dikshitar, Shyama Shasthri
What is the main contribution of Subbaraya's sons?
They prescribed the structure of Sadir and gave a particular format for presentation called Margam (repertoire).
What is Dasi Attam?
It is a dance performed regularly at temples before the deity as a devotional excercise by the highly respected Devadasis (servants of god).
How was the art kept alive?
Even though temple dancing was forbidden, some people practiced dance in their homes.
yay
yay.