Sweets for my honey
What are some signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia? Give 5.
Irritability
Hunger pangs
Weakness
Inability to concentrate
Cold Clammy Skin
Tremors/ Nervous
Diaphoresis
Confusion
Headache
Blurred Vision
Palpitations/ tachycardia
Uncoordination
Seizures
Coma
What is the most worrisome complication of imbalance K+ level?
Cardiac abnormalities
Give examples of 15g CHO to be given to a hypoglycemic pt?
4-6 oz of fruit juice/regular soda
6-10 hard candies
glucose tablets/gel
1 tbsp of honey
1 tbsp of sugar
What is the common culprit for cholescytitis/ cholelithiasis development?
High fat intake
What type of insulin can be mixed?
R/S and intermediate
What is the rule for hypoglycemia?
15-15 rule
What is the difference in the treatment for Dawn phenomenon and Somogyi effect?
Somogyi: Snack, shrink insulin dose
Dawn: dose up insulin, aDjust schedule of insulin admin
What HbA1C goal does our pt with DM have?
6.5 to 7%
What common medications cause PUD and gastritis? Give 2.
NSAID
Steroids
True or False: Can regular insulin be given through the IV route?
TRUE-- the only insulin that can be given per IV
Give two examples of diagnostics and their specific values on how to dx a pt with DM?
HbA1c 6.5% or higher
FPG 126 mg/dL or higher
2 OGTT from 75g 200 mg/dL or higher
Classic symptoms of hyperglycemia or in hyperglycemic crises with random BG of 200mg/dL or higher
What is the normal value for K+?
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Give two macrovascular complications of uncontrolled DM.
Macro:
PVD--PAD
CAD
CVA
Describe the elimination of a pt with cholecystitis.
Acholic stool
steatorrhea
dark foamy urine
Give two ways on how you can educate a pt to prevent UTI development.
Drink plenty of fluids at least 3L
Wipe from front to back for females
Empty bladder completely
Avoid irritating fluid and foods
What is the most common drug of choice for OHA for DM pts?
Metformin
What is the onset, peak and duration of rapid acting insulin?
O:10min-30 min
P: 30min-3hr
D:3-5hr
What is the difference between DM I and DM II?
DM I has no insulin production= KETONES
DM II has insulin resistance
What is the main point of giving PPI and H2RBs to the pt?
Reduce/suppress gastric acid production
Does long acting insulin have a peak? TRUE or FALSE
False
True of False: do you encourage pt to exercise during peak hours of insulin?
False- increases hypoglycemic risk
What is onset, peak and duration of short acting insulin
O: 30 min to 1hr
P: 2-5 hours
D: 5-8 hours
Give two microvascular complications of uncontrolled DM.
Nephropathy
Neuropathy
Retinopathy
What could be some causes of pancreatitis?
Alcohol
Cholelithiasis
What are signs and symptoms of BPH?
"Dribbling of urine"
Frequency of urination
Small volume urine
Difficulty starting stream of urine/ urinary hesitancy
Feeling of not completely emptying bladder/ retention
Urinary urgency
Nocturia
Urinary intermittency