Learning targets
Explain why the special properties of water make it essential for life, including: polarity, hydrogen bonding, cohesive, and adhesive behavior, ability to moderate temperature, universal solvent behavior and expansion upon freezing
What is water having cohesive and adhesive properties. Water molecules have strong cohesive forces due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with one another.
Molecule
What is a group of atoms that are held together by chemical forces; a molecule is the smallest unit of matter that can exist by itself and retain all of a substance's chemical properties.
Surface tension
What is the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and that tends to minimize the area of the surface.
Specific Heat Capacity
What is water that requires a great deal of energy to increase in temperature.
Explain how hydrogen bonding affects adhesion and cohesion
The hydrogen bonds cause water to be attracted to each other.
Polarity
What is a property of a system in which two points have opposite characteristics, such as charges or magnetic poles.
Adhesion
What is the attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other.
What is water known as
What is universal solvent
Explain how the heat capacity of water affects temperature changes
Heat capacity uses so much energy in order to increase temperatures.
What is molecule that is usually formed when the one end of the molecule is said to possess more positive charges and whereas the opposite end of the molecule has negative charges, creating an electrical pole.
Capillary action
What is the attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid, which causes the liquid to rise or fall.
What is adhesion and cohesion responsible for?
What is adhesion and cohesion are responsible for capillary action.
Solubility
What is the ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure; expressed in terms of the amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent to produce a saturated solution.
Hydrogen bond
What is a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.
Solution
What is a homogeneous mixture throughout which two or more substances are uniformly dispersed.
Describe how heat capacity of water affects temperature changes
What is water requires a great deal of energy to increase in temperature. The reason it takes so much energy to raise water’s temperature is because of the hydrogen bonds. This gives water the ability to moderate temperature in the environment.
Solvent
What is in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves.
Cohesion
What is the force that holds molecules of a single material together; the attraction of water molecules to other water molecules
Solute
What is in a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent.
What does covalent bonding hold?
What is covalent bonding holds the water molecule together while hydrogen bonding between molecules causes cohesion.