The sub-laryngeal
What is the primary function of the lungs in speech production?
a) They create vocal vibrations.
b) They filter air before it reaches the vocal cords.
c) They provide the airflow necessary for speech.
d) They help shape the sounds produced by the mouth.
c) They provide the airflow necessary for speech.
What is the shape of the cricoid cartilage in the trachea?
A) It is shaped like a signet ring, with the plate facing the back of the neck.
B) It is shaped like a horseshoe, open at the back.
C) It is shaped like a flat disc with no plate.
Correct answer: A) It is shaped like a signet ring, with the plate facing the back of the neck.
What are the active articulators involved in speech production?
a) The lower lip and the tongue.
b) The upper lip and the hard palate.
c) The teeth and the pharyngeal wall.
d) The uvula and the soft palate.
Correct answer: a) The lower lip and the tongue.
Which muscle is primarily responsible for controlling the flow of air during speech?
a) Tongue
b) Diaphragm
c) Larynx
d) Epiglottis
b) Diaphragm
What is the role of the false vocal folds (vestibular folds)?
A) They are responsible for controlling airflow during breathing.
B) They vibrate to produce speech sounds.
C) They may play a role in throat singing but are not active for speech.
Correct answer: C) They may play a role in throat singing but are not active for speech.
What is the function of the velum during speech?
a) It acts as a passive articulator, simply being the roof of the mouth.
b) It opens and closes the velar port to direct airflow through the mouth or nose.
c) It vibrates to produce sound.
d) It regulates the tongue's movement during speech.
Correct answer: b) It opens and closes the velar port to direct airflow through the mouth or nose.
According to Boyle's law, what happens when the volume of the lungs increases?
a) Air pressure decreases, and air rushes in.
b) Air pressure increases, and air rushes out.
c) The diaphragm contracts and speech is produced.
d) The vocal cords tighten, creating sound.
a) Air pressure decreases, and air rushes in.
What happens when the vocal folds are held in an intermediate position with the right tension?
A) They vibrate as the air passes over them, producing a hum called voicing.
B) They completely block airflow, preventing any sound production.
C) They are pulled apart to allow air to flow freely without vibration.
Correct answer: A) They vibrate as the air passes over them, producing a hum called voicing.
How does the tongue contribute to shaping speech sounds?
a) The tongue moves to create constrictions in the vocal tract, controlling airflow.
b) The tongue produces vibrations that create different speech sounds.
c) The tongue changes the pitch of speech by moving toward the velum.
d) The tongue only contributes to vowel sounds.
Correct answer: a) The tongue moves to create constrictions in the vocal tract, controlling airflow.
What is the meaning of the term "pulmonic egressive airstream"?
a) The movement of air from the mouth into the lungs.
b) The inward rush of air from outside the body.
c) The flow of air out of the lungs, used in speech.
d) The sound produced by the vocal cords during speech.
c) The flow of air out of the lungs, used in speech.
What determines the pitch of the voice?
A) The size of the vocal folds does not affect the pitch of the voice.
B) The faster the vibration of the vocal folds, the higher the pitch.
C) The pitch of the voice is only determined by age, not by vocal fold size.
Correct answer: B) The faster the vibration of the vocal folds, the higher the pitch.
What is the role of the passive articulators in the vocal tract?
a) They create the sounds by vibrating in the air.
b) They remain stationary and are the parts the active articulators move towards to create constrictions.
c) They regulate the pitch of the voice.
d) They control airflow through the vocal cords.
Correct answer: b) They remain stationary and are the parts the active articulators move towards to create constrictions.
What does the diaphragm do when you exhale?
a) It expands the lung cavity to allow more air to enter.
b) It contracts, forcing air out of the lungs.
c) It vibrates to help produce sound.
d) It controls the vocal cords for pitch regulation.
b) It contracts, forcing air out of the lungs.
What makes the human larynx unique compared to other mammals?
A) The trachea and esophagus do not split until halfway down the throat.
B) The trachea is positioned much higher in the throat.
C) Humans can drink and breathe at the same time, unlike other mammals.
Correct answer: A) The trachea and esophagus do not split until halfway down the throat.
What distinguishes the tongue as a muscular hydrostat?
a) It contains bones and cartilage that give it a fixed shape.
b) It is made of muscles only and can move independently in different directions.
c) It vibrates in a controlled manner to produce speech sounds.
d) It does not need any movement to produce sounds.
Correct answer: b) It is made of muscles only and can move independently in different directions.