Brain Structures & Functions
THIS PART OF THE BRAIN CONTROLS THE BASIC LIFE FUNCTIONS OF HEARTBEAT AND BREATHING
MEDULLA
THIS IS THE PART OF THE NEURON THAT RECEIVES INCOMING SIGNALS
DENDRITES
THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD MAKE UP THIS DIVISION OF YOUR NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
LOW LEVELS OF THIS NEUROTRANSMITTER ARE LINKED TO DEPRESSION.
SEROTONIN
THESE DRUGS, WHICH MIMIC ENDORPHINS, ARE OFTEN GIVEN TO INDIVIDUALS SUFFERING FROM INTENSE PAIN, SUCH AS AFTER MAJOR SURGERY.
OPIOIDS
THIS STRUCTURE CONNECTS THE TWO HEMISPHERES OF THE BRAIN AND ALLOWS THEM TO COMMUNICATE
CORPUS CALLOSUM
THIS NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER INVOLVES THE DETERIORATION OF THE NEURON'S MYELIN SHEATH, LEADING TO MOTOR IMPAIRMENT.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS)
THE "FIGHT OR FLIGHT" RESPONSE TO STRESSORS IS ACTIVATED BY THIS DIVISION OF YOUR NERVOUS SYSTEM
SYMPATHETIC (SNS)
TOO MUCH OF THIS NEUROTRANSMITTER IS ASSOCIATED WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
DOPAMINE
IF THIS PART OF THE BRAIN IS DAMAGED, A PERSON WILL FALL INTO A DEEP COMA.
RETICULAR FORMATION
AFTER A HEAD INJURY, TAYLOR STRUGGLES WITH PROBLEM-SOLVING, DECISION-MAKING, AND CONTROLLING IMPULSES. WHICH PART OF THE BRAIN IS LIKELY AFFECTED?
FRONTAL LOBE
THIS TERM DESCRIBES THE REABSORPTION AND RECYCLING OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS AFTER NEURONS FIRE.
REUPTAKE
THIS DIVISION OF YOUR NERVOUS SYSTEM ENABLES VOLUNTARY MUSCLE MOVEMENTS AND PROCESSES INFORMATION RELATED TO YOUR FIVE SENSES.
SOMATIC
LOW LEVELS OF THIS NEUROTRANSMITTER ARE LINKED TO ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
ACETYLCHOLINE
THIS PART OF THE BRAIN ACTS LIKE A CROSSING GUARD, DIRECTING INCOMING MESSAGES TO SPECIFIC BRAIN AREAS FOR FURTHER PROCESSING.
THALAMUS
A TUMOR THAT CAUSES OBESITY WOULD MOST LIKELY BE LOCATED IN THIS PART OF THE BRAIN
HYPOTHALAMUS
THIS IS THE BRIEF, RAPID ELECTRICAL IMPULSE THAT TRAVELS DOWN A NEURON'S AXON AND RESULTS IN THE RELEASE OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS TO COMMUNICATE WITH OTHER NEURONS, MUSCLES, OR GLANDS.
ACTION POTENTIAL
THIS DIVISION OF YOUR NERVOUS SYSTEM DECREASES HEART RATE, LOWERS BLOOD PRESSURE, CONSTRICTS PUPILS, AND PROMOTES DIGESTION.
PARASYMPATHETIC ("REST & DIGEST")
THIS INHIBITORY NEUROTRANSMITTER PROMOTES CALM BY REDUCING NEURAL ACTIVITY.
GABA
WAKING UP AFTER AN ACCIDENT, BRIAN CANNOT UNDERSTAND WHAT HIS LOVED ONES ARE SAYING TO HIM. WHICH PART OF HIS BRAIN HAS BEEN DAMAGED?
WERNICKE'S AREA (WERNICKE'S APHASIA)
AFTER A CAR ACCIDENT, TIFFANY CANNOT DETECT EMOTIONS IN OTHERS' FACIAL EXPRESSIONS. WHICH PART OF THE BRAIN IS MOST LIKELY DAMAGED?
AMYGDALA
THIS PART OF THE NEURON RELEASES AND REABSORBS NEUROTRANSMITTERS
AXON TERMINAL / TERMINAL BUTTONS
THE NEURAL PATHWAY INVOLVED IN A QUICK, AUTOMATIC RESPONSE TO A STIMULUS, BYPASSING THE BRAIN FOR FASTER REACTION TIME.
REFLEX ARC
THIS NEUROTRANSMITTER PROMOTES NEUROPLASTICITY (BRAIN PLASTICITY)
GLUTAMATE
THESE TYPES OF NEURONS TRANSMIT SENSORY INFORMATION TO THE SPINAL CORD AND BRAIN
AFFERENT NEURONS