1800s And Early 1900s
What French physiologist argued that experimenting on animals was ethical, because it benefited medicine and extended human life?
Claude Bernard
In 2015, the NIH announced that its remaining 50 research chimpanzees would be retired to the...
What were they retired to?
The Federal Chimpanzee Sanctuary System.
The U.S. Department of_________Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service reported that in 2010, 1,134,693 animals were used for testing. It didn't include rats, mice, farm animals or cold-blooded animals.
Agriculture
In the 17th century, English physician William Harvey experimented on living animals and discovered that the _____, not the lungs, circulated blood throughout the body.
heart
What does the FDA require before a medicine can be sold?
must be tested on at least two species of animals.
What are The "Three Rs"?
replacement, reduction, and refinement
A 2007 report by the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences called for a reduction in the use of animal testing. It recommended instead testing on what?
cells
The ______________________ Act regulates animal testing in the United States
Federal Animal Welfare
The practice of performing operations on live animals for the purpose of experimentation or scientific research.
vivisection
According to the May 2013 Gallup poll, which age group is least likely to find animal testing morally acceptable?
people 18-34
Who was an early opponent of animal testing in England?
Queen Victoria
He took photographs of monkeys in the facility, who were kept in such horrendous conditions that they were... what were the monkeys doing?
tearing at their own flesh
A May 2013 Gallup poll found that ___ percent of Americans said medical testing on animals was morally acceptable.
56
In the ___century, English physician William Harvey experimented on living animals.
17th
What did the 2007 report by the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences recommend regarding animal testing?
less animal testing and more testing of cells
Who laid out the principle of the "Three Rs''?
William Russell and Rex Burch
What is the only major market where testing all cosmetics on animals is required by law?
China
___percent of people aged 35 to 54 and 61 percent of people aged 55 and older say it is morally acceptable.
60
In the____ century, the Roman physician and philosopher Galen dissected living animals to see how living organisms worked.
2nd
In 2013, the _____ Union banned the import and sale of cosmetic products that have been tested on animals.
European
What movement grew as more people adopted pets?
The anti-vivisection movement
In what year did Australian philosopher Peter Singer publish "Animal Liberation?
1975
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates the development of new medications. It requires that, before they can be tested on people, the drug companies must test them on at least____ species of animals to determine if they are safe.
two
In the 2nd century, the Roman physician and philosopher Galen dissected living animals to see how living organisms worked. His theories of medicine, which were based on his experimentation, were used throughout Europe for___centuries.
15
The U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) stopped breeding __________ for research.
chimpanzees