7.1
Who made the first calendar?
The mesopotamians
What is a group of stars forming a pattern in the sky called?
A constellation
What are the two main types of Earth’s motion?
Rotation and Revolution
What is a solar system?
A solar system is a group of planets that orbit one or more stars.
Besides the Sun, planets, and moons, what else is in the solar system?
Many smaller objects that orbit the Sun, like asteroids, comets, meteoroids, and dwarf planets.
What is a celestial object?
Any object that exist in space, such as a planet,a star, or the moon
Which star is almost always in the same spot in the sky and shows north?
Polaris
What causes the Sun, Moon, and stars to appear to rise in the east and set in the west?
Earth's rotation
What are the two main groups of planets, and how are they different?
Inner planets (terrestrial) are small and rocky. Outer planets (gas giants) are large and mostly made of gas.
What is the difference between a meteoroid, meteor, and meteorite?
Meteoroid: A small rock or metal in space.
Meteor: A meteoroid that burns in Earth’s atmosphere.
Meteorite: A meteoroid that reaches Earth’s surface.
How many days does it take 4 the earth to go across the sun?
365 days
What is the term for how bright a star looks from Earth?
Apparent magnitude
Why do we see different constellations at different times of the year?
Because Earth revolves around the Sun.
What is an Astronomical Unit (AU)?
It is the average distance between Earth and the Sun, about 150 million kilometers.
Where are most asteroids found?
In the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
Whats a calendar?
A way of showing days, organized into a schedule of larger units of time, such as months , seasons, or years usually in a table or chart
What are the two stars in the Big Dipper that point to Polaris called?
Pointer stars
What is the tilt of Earth’s axis?
About 23.5 degrees.
What three conditions must an object meet to be considered a planet?
1) Orbits a star, 2) is spherical, 3) does not share its orbit with another object.
What are near-Earth objects (NEOs) and why are they important?
NEOs are asteroids or comets that come close to Earth. Scientists track them to protect Earth from potential impacts.
What were the 3 evidence that the earth is a circle?
1. Disappearing ships
2.Earth’s curved shadow
3. The changing sky
Why do we see different constellations during different seasons?
Because Earth’s position and movement changes which constellations are visible
Why do seasons happen on Earth?
Because Earth is tilted and moves around the Sun, changing the angle and length of sunlight.
What is the difference between the geocentric and heliocentric models?
In the geocentric model, Earth is at the center. In the heliocentric model, the Sun is at the center.
Why do scientists study asteroids, comets, and meteorites?
They help scientists learn how the solar system formed and increase knowledge about space.