Discovering DNA
Who was the scientist who used mice to study how bacteria caused pneumonia?
Fredrick Griffith
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribosenucleic acid
What is DNA copying called?
Replication
This process makes a copy of DNA in the form of RNA.
Transcription
If the DNA strand is TAC GCT AGA, what is the RNA strand made during transcription?
AUG CGA UCU
What scientist used x-ray to show that 2 DNA strands were twisted?
Rosalind Franklin
What shape is DNA?
Doubel Helix
What enzyme “unzips” DNA?
Helicase
These are the three main types of RNA used to make proteins.
mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA
If the DNA strand is ATG CCA TTT, what is the complementary DNA strand made during replication?
TAC GGT AAA
Who used Franklin's picture to make the first correct model of the double helix?
Watson & Crick
In the base pairing rule, A pair with what, and C pairs with what?
A-T and C-G
Where does DNA replication begin?
Replication Fork
This enzyme builds RNA by reading the DNA code.
RNA polymerase
If the DNA strand is GGA TCA ACT, what is the RNA strand made during transcription?
CCU AGU UGA
These scientists showed that DNA—not protein—was the “transforming factor.”
Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
What enzyme adds new nucleotides?
DNA polymerase
DNA stays in this part of the cell to stay protected, while RNA leaves to carry the message.
Nucleus
If the DNA strand is TTA CGG ATC, what is the complementary DNA strand made during replication?
AAT GCC TAG
These two scientists used viruses to prove that DNA carries genetic information.
Hershey and Chase
What forms the “sides” of the DNA ladder?
Sugar-phosphate backbone
What does “semi-conservative” mean?
Each new DNA has one old strand and one new strand
During RNA editing, these parts are removed, and these parts are kept to make the final message.
introns (removed) and exons (kept)
If the DNA strand is CAG TTA GGC, what is the RNA strand made during transcription?
GUC AAU CCG