Types and Functions of Muscles
What are the three main types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
What are the two major protein filaments that slide together to cause muscle contraction?
Actin and myosin.
What type of connective tissue connects muscles to bones?
tendon
What muscle is commonly known as the "six-pack" muscle?
Rectus abdominis.
In the lever system of the body, what acts as the fulcrum?
jotins
Which muscle type is under voluntary control and attached to bones?
Skeletal muscle.
What is the structural and functional unit of a muscle fiber, spanning from Z-line to Z-line?
Sarcomere.
What is the name of the connective tissue that covers each individual muscle fiber?
Endomysium.
What is the prime mover muscle in the upper arm used to bend the elbow?
Biceps brachii.
This muscle is a primary shoulder muscle and is used to abduct the arm.
Deltoid.
What type of muscle is found in the heart, responsible for pumping blood?
Cardiac muscle.
What molecule must attach to myosin for muscles to relax?
ATP (Adenosine triphosphate).
What is a bundle of muscle fibers called?
Fascicle.
What movement decreases the angle between two bones?
Flexion.
What is the term for a muscle that opposes the prime mover?
Antagonist.
What type of muscle is found in walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach?
Smooth muscle.
What is the gap between a nerve and the muscle it stimulates called?
synaptic cleft.
What is the cell membrane of a muscle cell known as?
Sarcolemma.
What movement moves a limb away from the midline of the body?
Abduction.
This condition is a chronic pain disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain.
Fibromyalgia.
What is the primary function of the muscular system, besides movement?
Thermoregulation (generating heat
What is the name of the neurotransmitter that causes muscle contraction?
Acetylcholine (ACh).
Which muscle is used for shrugging the shoulders?
Trapezius.
When muscles shorten, this specific type of contraction occurs.
Concentric (or isotonic) contraction.