3.3 Coded Messages
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
This process happens after transcription
Translation
What is cell cycle?
The process of growth and reproduction.
It means making a copy of the DNA.
DNA replication
This is the first phase or step of mitosis.
prophase
This is the new kind of nucleic acid or copy made from the unzipped DNA.
RNA
The type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome and help find its match in the mRNA strand.
tRNA or transfer RNA
This is the stage where the cell spends 90% of its life.
Interphase
A substance that speeds up reaction, build or break down other substance that it acts upon.
enzyme
It is a programmed cell death or "cell suicide".
apoptosis
mRNA
Which parts of the cell and specific structure does translation occurs in the cell?
What stages come after the interphase stage of cell cycle?
mitosis and cytokinesis
helicase
This is the phase of mitosis where the chromosomes are perfectly aligned in the middle of the cell.
metaphase
The base in mRNA that replaces Thymine in DNA.
Uracil
Sets of three nucleotides in a row on mRNA strand
codons
The stage of cell cycle where the cell starts to replicate chromosomes and divide the nucleus.
mitosis
What are the two opposite directions of the DNA strand?
5' to 3' and 3' to 5'
What are the 4 phases or steps of mitosis in order?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
DNA strand: C G T A A G C G C
What is the mRNA transcription?
mRNA strand: G C A U U C G C G
What is the function of anticodons?
Carries amino acids and matches a codon on the mRNA.
What does the cell need to make before it divides or when it's time to divide?
make a copy of its DNA
DNA polymerase builds and checks the new DNA strand. What might happen if it makes a mistake that is not corrected?
It will lead to: mutation, cancer cells, apoptosis, wrong protein or no protein at all.
State the complete definition of cell division.
It is a biological process in which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.