Industrial Revolution Basics
This period marked a shift from hand production to machine production.
What is the Industrial Revolution?
A business owned by many investors through shares of stock.
What is a corporation?
Crowded apartment buildings where the poor often lived.
What are tenements?
Farmers on the Great Plains built homes out of this material.
What is sod?
Journalists who exposed corruption and social problems.
Who are muckrakers?
Progressives worked to make government more _____________ to the people.
What is responsive or democratic?
This movement fought for women’s right to vote.
What is the suffrage movement?
These groups formed to demand better pay and working conditions.
What are labor unions?
This political movement aimed to fix problems caused by industrialization.
What is Progressivism?
Many immigrants came to the U.S. seeking this better opportunity.
What is the American Dream?
This new power source replaced waterpower in factories.
What is steam?
A person who builds wealth through industry, sometimes called a “Captain of Industry.”
Who is an industrialist?
Immigrants from Europe often entered the U.S. through this island in New York.
What is Ellis Island?
This Act offered 160 acres of land to settlers who would farm it for 5 years.
What is the Homestead Act?
He wrote The Shame of the Cities exposing government corruption.
Who is Lincoln Steffens?
Citizens could vote to remove an elected official using this reform.
What is recall?
She was a major leader in the women’s suffrage movement.
Who is Susan B. Anthony?
A work stoppage used by labor unions to protest unfair treatment.
What is a strike?
This movement applied Christian ethics to social problems.
What is the Social Gospel?
Immigrants from Asia usually entered through this island near San Francisco.
What is Angel Island?
This invention by Eli Whitney sped up the cleaning of cotton fibers.
What is the cotton gin?
He led the oil industry and created Standard Oil.
Who is John D. Rockefeller?
This journalist exposed the horrible conditions in tenement housing.
Who is Jacob Riis?
Native American children were forced to adopt white culture through this process.
What is assimilation?
He wrote The Jungle exposing meatpacking conditions.
Who is Upton Sinclair?
This allowed voters to propose laws directly on the ballot.
What is initiative?
This Amendment granted women the right to vote.
What is the 19th Amendment?
This tragedy in 1911 led to new safety laws for factory workers.
What is the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?
These laws allowed citizens to directly vote on or remove corrupt officials.
What are initiative and recall?
This term refers to America’s mix of different cultures and backgrounds.
What is the melting pot?
This system brought many workers and machines together under one roof.
What is the factory system?
He dominated the steel industry.
Who is Andrew Carnegie?
The book How the Other Half Lives showed poverty in New York City using this medium.
What is photography?
This 1890 event marked the end of Native American resistance.
What is the Battle of Wounded Knee?
This photographer exposed tenement life to the public.
Who is Jacob Riis?
This reform allowed citizens to vote on a proposed law.
What is referendum?
Reformers created these community centers to help the poor and immigrants.
What are settlement houses?
Workers often faced these long hours for low wages.
What are sweatshops?
This president, known as a “trustbuster,” fought to regulate big business.
Who is Theodore Roosevelt?
Fear or dislike of immigrants is called this.
What is nativism?
The growth of cities due to factory jobs is known as this.
What is urbanization?
When one company controls all of an industry.
What is a monopoly?
This term describes the growth of cities and challenges like pollution and overcrowding.
What is urbanization?
This 1876 battle saw the defeat of Custer and his men by the Sioux.
What is the Battle of the Little Bighorn?
These writers inspired reforms by showing the public the “dirty truth” of society.
Who are muckrakers?
The 17th Amendment established this method for choosing U.S. Senators.
What is direct election?
She founded Hull House, one of the first settlement houses in Chicago.
Who is Jane Addams?
This early labor leader helped found the American Federation of Labor.
Who is Samuel Gompers?
The 16th Amendment allowed the government to collect this.
What is income tax?
The law that limited Chinese immigration in 1882.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?