1948 War
1917 statement by Britain promising support for a “national home for the Jewish people,” setting the stage for future conflict
What is the Balfour Declaration?
Year the Suez Canal officially opened, linking the Mediterranean to the Red Sea and transforming global trade
What is 1869?
Global body whose 1957 promise to keep a 'key waterway' open was violated by the Egyptian blockade
What is the United Nations?
1967 declaration by Arab heads of state proclaiming “no peace, no negotiations, no recognition” of Israel
What is the Khartoum Resolution?
U.S. President who served as mediator and hosted the peace negotiations in September 1978
Who is Jimmy Carter?
*A secret 1947 meeting where Golda Meir of the Jewish Agency and King Abdullah I outlined terms for partition and Hashemite annexation of Arab Palestine
What is the 'Naharayim' meeting?
European powers that financed and controlled the Suez Canal’s administration despite its location in Egypt
What/Who are Britain and France?
Egyptian leader (full name) who announced the blockade of Israeli shipping and massed troops on Israel’s border
Who is Gamal Abdel Nasser?
Prior low‑intensity conflict (1967–70) marked by a 24:1 Israeli air‑loss ratio that set the stage for the 1973 war
What is the War of Attrition?
International prize awarded later in 1978 to Sadat and Begin for their peacemaking efforts
What is the Nobel Peace Prize?
This Haganah military operation targeted villages along the Tel Aviv–Jerusalem highway—prompting many Palestinians to flee amid fears of expulsion
What is Plan D?
Action by Egyptian President Nasser in July 1956 that triggered the Tripartite invasion
What is the nationalization (seizure) of the Suez Canal?
A military force nearly destroyed by Israel’s preemptive airstrike on June 6, 1967
What is the Egyptian Air Force?
Two Arab nations that coordinated simultaneous invasions against Israel in 1973
What/Who are Egypt and Syria?
Civil War battlefield site Carter took the leaders to on September 10 to clear their minds
What is Gettysburg National Military Park?
The rough percentage by which Israel expanded its territory beyond the original 1948 borders by war’s end
What is about 30%?
Three countries whose joint military intervention aimed to retake the canal after Nasser’s move
What/Who are Israel, Britain, and France?
Mountainous region captured by Israel from Syria by war’s end
What are the Golan Heights?
*Alternate name for the 1973 conflict, reflecting the month it began
What is the October War?
Territory Israel agreed to return to Egypt as part of the accords
What is the Sinai Peninsula?
A coalition organization of seven Arab nations that invaded Israel in 1948 to oppose the creation of a Jewish state
What is the Arab League?
*Eastern European uprising crushed partly because Soviet attention shifted from Suez to 'there' in late 1956
What is the Hungarian Revolution?
Water channel whose closure by Nasser in 1967 was viewed by Israel as an act of war
What is the Straits of Tiran?
Percentage increase in the world oil price after OPEC’s embargo in response to the war
What is 300%?
*Political party founded by Menachem Begin in 1973 that swept to power in Israel’s 1977 elections
What is the Likud?