Pneumonia
Older adults with pneumonia may present differently in the following ways
What is lack of fever, mental status changes, functions decline, falls, incontinence
2 risk factors for COPD
What are smoker, low socioeconomic status, genetics, other environmental exposures
2 risk factors for a primary spontaneous pneumothorax
What is...male
age 20s-30s
tall
thin
smoker
Name 2 classifications of pulmonary embolism
What is acute
subacute
chronic
Goals of pharmacotherapy in COPD
What is reduction of symptoms, improved quality of life, improved exercise tolerance, reducing exacerbations, etc.
what is infiltrates or consolidation
COPD mortality rates are higher in these groups of people
What are smokers, men, white, advanced age
this type of pneumothorax may result in mediastinal shift
what is tension pneumothorax
Most PEs originate in this location of the body
What is lower extremities/pelvis
With this therapy patients are given an exercise program and taught breathing strategies such as pursed lip breathing and controlled coughing
What is pulmonary rehab
This is a screening tool used to determine pneumonia mortality risk
2 findings on physical exam of patient with advanced COPD
What is barrel chest, tripod, clubbed nails, pursed lip breathing, prolonged expiration, possible retraction
Name 2 symptoms of pneumothorax
What is dyspnea
cough
anxiety
stabbing chest pain
absent breath sounds
tachypnea
JVD
This is the Gold Standard for diagnosing PE
What is a CT-PA
2 radiographic changes in a patient with COPD
flattening of diaphragm, blunting of the costophrenic angle, changes in lung lucency
what is amoxicillin, doxycycline, macrolide
This medication class is prescribed for daily use in COPD GOLD group B patients
What is LAMA-LABA
This type of pneumothorax should always be considered with trauma
What is tension pneumothorax
These labs may be helpful in the diagnosis/management of PE
What is D-Dimer, ABGs, Troponin, BNP
Recommended antibiotics for common bacteria related to COPD exacerbations
What are macrolides and/or doxycycline
This antibiotic class may be used in monotherapy for CAP with comorbidities
what is fluroquinolone
Recommended prednisone dose for COPD exacerbation
what is 40mg x 5 days
This type of pneumothorax recurs in 20-60% of patients in the first 3 years
What is PSP
The length of anticoagulant treatment time for PE
What is 3 months or longer
A COPD complication characterized by the enlargement and thickening of the right ventricle of the heart
What is cor pulmonale